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Elasticsearch基本查询语法

news 来源：原创 2024/4/28 22:55:29

先造点数据

基于elasticsearch7.10.0

POST /hotel
{"mappings":{"properties":{"title":{"type":"text"},"city":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"double"},"create_time":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"amenities":{"type":"text"},"full_room":{"type":"boolean"},"location":{"type":"geo_point"},"prarse":{"type":"integer"}}}
}POST /_bulk
{"index":{"_index":"hotel","_id":"001"}}
{"title":"文雅酒店","city":"青岛","price":556.00,"create_time":"2020-04-18 12:00:00","amenities":"浴池，普通停车场/充电停车场","full_room":false,"location":{"lat":36.083078,"lon":120.37566}}{"index":{"_index":"hotel","_id":"002"}}
{"title":"金都嘉义假日酒店","city":"北京","price":337.00,"create_time":"2020-04-18 12:00:00","amenities":"浴池，普通停车场/充电停车场","full_room":false,"location":{"lat":39.083078,"lon":116.37566}}{"index":{"_index":"hotel","_id":"003"}}
{"title":"金都欣欣酒店","city":"天津","price":200.00,"create_time":"2020-04-18 12:00:00","amenities":"浴池，普通停车场/充电停车场","full_room":false,"location":{"lat":36.083078,"lon":120.37566}}{"index":{"_index":"hotel","_id":"004"}}
{"title":"金都酒店","city":"北京","price":500.00,"create_time":"2020-04-18 12:00:00","amenities":"浴池，普通停车场/充电停车场","full_room":false,"location":{"lat":36.083078,"lon":120.37566}}{"index":{"_index":"hotel","_id":"005"}}
{"title":"文雅精选酒店","city":"北京","price":800.00,"create_time":"2020-04-18 12:00:00","amenities":"浴池，普通停车场/充电停车场","full_room":false,"location":{"lat":36.083078,"lon":120.37566}}

查询返回指定字段

POST /hotel/_search
{"_source":["title","city"],"query":{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}}
}

计数


POST /hotel/_count{"query":{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}}
}

结果分页


POST hotel/_search{"from":1,"size":2,"query":{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}}
}

查询所有文档

POST hotel/_search
{"_source":["title","city"],"query":{"match_all":{"boost":2.0 //设定所有分为2.0}}
}

term完全匹配查询


POST hotel/_search{"query":{"term":{"${FIELD}":{	//FIELD的数据类型可以是 数值 布尔 日期 数组及关键字等"value":"${VALUE}"}}}
}

terms 用于查询一个或多个值是否完全匹配，或的关系

POST hotel/_search{"query":{"terms":{"${FIELD}":[	//FIELD的数据类型可以是 数值 布尔 日期 数组及关键字等"${VALUE1}","${VALUE2}"]}}
}

range 范围查询

POST hotel/_search{"query":{"range":{"price":{	//一般是数值和日期类型"gte",300,"lte",500}}}
}

exists查询


POST hotel/_search{"query":{"exists":{ //查询指定字段不为空的文档"field":"price"}}
}

布尔查询

must:必须匹配该查询条件，相当于逻辑查询中的“与”
should:可以匹配该查询条件,相当于逻辑查询中的“或”
must not必须不匹配该查询条件,相当于逻辑查询中的“非”
filter:必须匹配过滤条件，不进行打分计算

城市为北京，且价格在350-400之间

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must":[ {"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}},{"range":{"price":{"gte":350,"lte":400}}}	]}}
}

查询城市为北京或天津的酒店

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"should":[{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}	},{"term":{"city":{"value":"天津"}}	}]}}
}

查询城市不是北京也不是天津的酒店

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must_not":[{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}	},{"term":{"city":{"value":"天津"}}	}]}}
}

查询城市为北京且不满房的酒店，不打分

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"filter":[{"term":{"city":{"value":"北京"}}	},{"term":{"full_room":false}	}]}}
}

全文搜索（文本类型text的数据）

match查询

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"match":{"title":{"query":"金都酒店","operator":"and"  //查询词之间的匹配结果为”与“的关系}}}
}

multi_match多字段查询


POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"multi_match":{"query":"假日","fields":["title","amenties"]}}
}

geo_point地理点查询

对应于geo_point字段类型的查询方式有3种，分别为geo_distance查询、geo_bounding_box查询和geo_polygon查询

经纬度（39.91513，116.4039）附近5km的酒店

POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"geo_distance":{"distance":"5km",	"location":{"lat":"39.91513","lon":"116.4039"}}}
}

geo_bounding_box查询提供的是矩形内的搜索，需要用户给出左上角的顶点地理坐标和右下角的顶点地理坐标。
假设定义国贸商圈为一个矩形，其左上角顶点的经纬度为[116.457044,39.922821]，
右下角顶点的经纬度为[116.479466,39.907104]，则在国贸商圈内搜索酒店的DSL如下：


POST hotel/_search
{"query":{"geo_bounding_box":{	"location":{"top_left":{"lat":"39.922821","lon":"116.457004"},"bottom_right":{"lat":"39.907104","lon":"116.479466"}}}}
}

geo_polygon查询为多边形跟geo_bounding_box差不多。