计算机大类专业数据结构下半期实验练习题

1068: 图的按录入顺序深度优先搜索

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
int visited[100];
char s[100];
int a[100][100];
int n;
void dfs(int k,int n)
{if(visited[k]==0){visited[k]=1;cout<<s[k];for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(visited[i]==0&&a[k][i]!=0){dfs(i,n);}}}
}
int main()
{cin>>n;cin>>s;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}}char key=0;cin>>key;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(s[i]==key){dfs(i,n);}}
}

1069: 图的按录入顺序广度优先搜索

#include"iostream"
#include"cstring"
using namespace std;
int queue[100];
int visited[100];
char s[100];
int a[100][100];
void bfs(int k,int n)
{int rear=-1,front=-1;queue[++rear]=k;visited[k]=1;while(front!=rear){k=queue[++front];cout<<s[k];for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[k][i]!=0&&visited[i]==0){queue[++rear]=i;visited[i]=1;}}}
}
int main() {int n;cin >> n;cin >> s;for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {cin >> a[i][j];}}char key;cin >> key;for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {if (s[i] == key) {bfs(i, n);}}return 0;
}

1070: 邻接矩阵存储简单路径

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
int n;
int start,last;
int a[100][100];
int stu[100];
int path[100];
void dfs(int u,int t)
{path[t]=u;if(u==last){for(int i=0;i<t;i++){cout<<path[i];}cout<<last<<endl;return;}stu[u]=1;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(stu[i]==0&&a[u][i]==1){dfs(i,t+1);}}stu[u]=0;
}
int main()
{cin>>n;cin>>start>>last;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}	}dfs(start,0);
}

1055: 邻接矩阵到邻接表

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
int n;
int a[100][100];
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]==1){cout<<j;}}cout<<endl;}
}

1056: 邻接表到邻接矩阵

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
#include"stdio.h"
int n;
int a[100][100];
int x;int main()
{scanf("%d",&n);getchar();for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;;j++){scanf("%c",&x);if(x=='\n') break;a[i][x-'0']=1;}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){printf("%d",a[i][j]);//写成cout超时}cout<<endl;}
}

1057: 有向图的出度计算

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
#include"stdio.h"
int n,e;
int a[100][100];
int b[100];
int start,last;
int main()
{cin>>n>>e;for(int i=0;i<e;i++){cin>>start>>last;a[start][last]=1;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]==1){b[i]++;}}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cout<<b[i]<<endl;}
}

1060: 无向图的最大度计算

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
#include"stdio.h"
int n;
int a[100][100];
int mx;
int b[100];
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]==1){b[i]++;}if(b[i]>mx){mx=b[i];}}}cout<<mx<<endl;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(b[i]==mx){cout<<i;}}
} 

1062: 有向图的边存在判断

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
#include"stdio.h"
int n;
int start,last;
int a[100][100];
int main()
{cin>>n;cin>>start>>last;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[start][last]==1){cout<<"yes";return 0;}}}cout<<"no";}

1065: 无向图的连通分量计算

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"cstring"
#include"stdio.h"
int n;
int a[100][100];
int separte;int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){cin>>a[i][j];}}int sum=1;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){int separte=0;for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]==1){separte=1;break;}}if(separte==0) sum++;}cout<<sum;
}

1076: 判断给定有向图是否存在回路

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int n;
int e;
char s[100];
char str,last;
int visited[100];
int flag;
int a[100][100];
void bfs(int j,int start)
{if(visited[j]==0){if(j==start){flag=1;return;}visited[j]=1;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[j][i]!=0&&visited[i]==0){bfs(i,start);}}visited[j]=0;}}
int main()
{cin>>n;cin>>e;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>s[i];}for(int i=0;i<e;i++){cin>>str>>last;for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(s[j]==str){for(int k=0;k<n;k++){if(s[k]==last){a[j][k]=1;					}}}}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]!=0){bfs(j,i);}}}if(flag==1) cout<<"yes";else cout<<"no";
}

1075: 求最小生成树(Prim算法）

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std; 
const int maxn = 100;
const int INF = 101;
typedef struct 
{ 
int n; 
int e; 
char data[500]; 
int edge[500][500]; 
}Graph; typedef struct 
{ 
int index; 
int cost; 
}mincost; typedef struct 
{ 
int x; 
int y; 
int weight;    
}EDGE; typedef struct 
{ 
int index; 
int flag; 
}F; void create(Graph &G,int n ,int e) 
{ 
int i,j,k,w; 
char a,b; 
for(i=0;i< n;i++) 
cin>>G.data[i]; 
for(i=0;i< n;i++) 
for(j=0;j< n;j++) 
{ 
if(i==j) 
G.edge[i][j]=0; 
else 
G.edge[i][j]=100; 
} for(k=0;k< e;k++) 
{ 
cin>>a; 
cin>>b; 
cin>>w; 
for(i=0;i< n;i++) 
if(G.data[i]==a) break; 
for(j=0;j< n;j++) 
if(G.data[j]==b) break; G.edge[i][j]=w; 
G.edge[j][i]=w; 
} 
G.n=n; 
G.e=e; 
} void Prim(Graph& G,int k)
{int pe[maxn];int pn[maxn];int MIN;int v;for(int i=0;i<G.n;i++){pe[i]=G.edge[k][i];pn[i]=k;}for(int i=1;i<G.n;i++){MIN=INF;for(int j=0;j<G.n;j++){if(pe[j]!=0&&pe[j]<MIN){MIN=pe[j];v=j;}}cout<<"("<<G.data[pn[v]]<<','<<G.data[v]<<")";pe[v]=0;for(int j=0;j<G.n;j++){if(pe[j]!=0&&G.edge[v][j]<pe[j]){pe[j]=G.edge[v][j];pn[j]=v;}}}
}int main() 
{ 
Graph my; 
int n,e; 
cin>>n>>e; 
create(my,n,e); 
Prim(my,0);    
return 0; 
} 

1067: 有向图的邻接表存储强连通判断

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int n;
int e;
int str;
int last;
int a[100][100];
int main()
{cin>>n;cin>>e;for(int i=0;i<e;i++){cin>>str>>last;a[str][last]=1;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){for(int k=0;k<n;k++){if(a[j][i]==1&&a[i][k]==1){a[j][k]=1;}}}}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=0;j<n;j++){if(a[i][j]==0){cout<<"no";return 0;}}}cout<<"yes";
}

1012: 哈希表（链地址法处理冲突）

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int n;
int m;
int a[100][100];
int b[100];
int key;
int data;
int main()
{cin>>m;cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>data;a[data%m][++(b[data%m])]=data;}int cnt=0;cin>>key;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[key%m][i]==key){cout<<key%m<<','<<cnt;return 0;}else{cnt++;}}cout<<"-1";
}

1013: 哈希表（开放定址法处理冲突）

#include"iostream"
#include"cstring"
using namespace std;
const int N=200003,null=0x3f3f3f3f;
int h[N];
int n;
int m;
int a[100];
int key;
int cnt;
int find(int x,int size)
{cnt=1;int t=x%size;while(h[t]!=x&&h[t]!=null){cnt++;t++;if(t==size) t=0;}return t;
}
int main()
{memset(h,0x3f,sizeof h);cin>>n;int data=0;cin>>m;	for(int i=0;i<m;i++){cin>>data;h[find(data,n)]=data;}cin>>key;if(h[find(key,n)]==null) cout<<"-1";else cout<<find(key,n)<<','<<cnt;}

1011: 二叉排序树的实现和查找

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int a[100];
int n;
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* insert(tree* root,int x)
{if(root==NULL){root=buynode(x);return root;}if(root->data<x){root->right=insert(root->right,x);}if(root->data>x){root->left=insert(root->left,x);}return root;
}
void create(tree*& root,int a[])
{root=NULL;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){root=insert(root,a[i]);}
}
int cnt=0;
tree* find(tree* root,int key)
{if(root==NULL) return NULL;if(key<root->data){cnt++;return find(root->left,key);}if(root->data<key){cnt++;return find(root->right,key);}if(root->data==key){return root;}
}
int key;
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>a[i];}cin>>key;tree* root=NULL;create(root,a);if(find(root,key)==NULL) cout<<"-1";else cout<<cnt+1;
}

1016: 插入排序算法实现

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int n;
int x;
int b[100];
int a[100];
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>a[i];}for(int i=1;i<n;i++){int end=i;int tmp=a[end];while(end-1>=0){if(a[end-1]>tmp){a[end]=a[end-1];end-=1;}}a[end]=tmp;break;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cout<<a[i]<<" ";}
}

1099: 希尔排序算法实现

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
char s[100];
#include"cstring"
int n;
int a[100];
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>a[i];}int gap=5;for(int i=0;i<gap;i++){int end=i;int tmp=a[end+gap];while(end>=0){if(a[end]>tmp){a[end+gap] =a[end];end-=gap;}}a[end+gap]=tmp;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cout<<a[i]<<" ";}}

980: 输出利用先序遍历创建的二叉树的层次遍历序列

#include"iostream"
#include"queue"
using namespace std;
typedef struct node
{struct node* left,*right;char data;
}node,*tree;
tree create()
{tree t;char ch;cin>>ch;if(ch=='#'){return NULL;}else{t=new node;t->data=ch;t->left=create();t->right=create();}return t;
}
void f(tree t)
{queue<tree>q;q.push(t);tree p;p=q.front();while(!q.empty()){cout<<q.front()->data;p=q.front();q.pop();if(p->left!=NULL){q.push(p->left);}if(p->right!=NULL){q.push(p->right);}}
}
int main()
{tree t=create();f(t);
}

987: 输出用先序遍历创建的二叉树是否为完全二叉树的判定结果

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
char s[100];
#include"queue"
typedef struct node
{struct node*left,*right;char data;
}node,*tree;
tree create()
{tree t;char ch;cin>>ch;if(ch=='#'){return NULL;}else{t=new node;t->data=ch;t->left=create();t->right=create();}return t;
}
bool f(tree t)
{queue<tree>q;tree p;q.push(t);p=q.front();int flag=0;while(!q.empty()){p=q.front();q.pop();if(p->left!=NULL){q.push(p->left);}else{flag=1;}if(p->right!=NULL&&flag==0){q.push(p->right);}else{return 0;}}return 1;}
int main()
{tree t=create();if(f(t)==1) cout<<"Y";else cout<<"N";
}

1098: 堆的判断

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
char s[100];
#include"cstring"
int n;
int a[100];
int judge(int parent,int n)
{int child=parent*2;if(child<=n){if(child<n){if(a[child+1]<a[child])child++;}if(a[parent]<a[child]) return 1;else return 0;}
}
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){cin>>a[i];}for(int i=n/2;i>=1;i--){if(judge(i,n)==0){cout<<"No";return 0;}}cout<<"Yes";
}

1015: 堆排序算法

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int a[100];
int n;
void sort(int parent,int n)
{int child=parent*2;int top=a[parent];while(child<=n){if(child<n){if(a[child+1]<a[child]){child++;}}if(a[child]<top){a[parent]=a[child];parent=child;child=parent*2;}}a[parent]=top;
}
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){cin>>a[i];}for(int i=n/2;i>=1;i--){sort(i,n);}for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){cout<<a[i]<<" ";}
}

981: 统计利用二叉树存储的森林中树的棵数

#include"iostream"
#include"queue"
using namespace std;
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* create(char s[],int* data)
{if(s[*data]=='#'||s[*data]=='\0'){(*data)++;return NULL;}tree* root=buynode(s[*data]);(*data)++;root->left=create(s,data);root->right=create(s,data);return root;
}
int forest(tree* root)
{int count=0;if(root==NULL) return 0;if(root->right==NULL) return 0;if(root->right!=NULL) count=1;return forest(root->right)+count;
}
int main()
{char s[100];while(scanf("%s",s)!=EOF){int data=0;tree* root=create(s,&data);cout<<forest(root)+1;}
}

982: 输出利用二叉树存储的普通树的度

#include"iostream"
#include"queue"
using namespace std;
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* create(char s[],int*data)
{if(s[*data]=='#'||s[*data]=='\0'){(*data)++;return NULL;}tree* root=buynode(s[*data]);(*data)++;root->left=create(s,data);root->right=create(s,data);return root;
}
int lf(tree* root)
{int count=0;if(root==NULL) return NULL;if(root->right!=NULL) count=1;return lf(root->right)+count;}
int forest(tree* root)
{if(root==NULL) return 0;if(root->right!=NULL) return 0;tree* lrof=root->left;lf(lrof);return lf(lrof)+1;
}
int main()
{char s[100];while(scanf("%s",s)!=EOF){int data=0;tree* root=create(s,&data);if(forest(root)==0) cout<<"ERROR";else cout<<forest(root);}
}

984: 利用二叉树中序及先序遍历确定该二叉树的后序序列

#include"iostream"
#include"queue"
#include"string.h"
using namespace std;
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* later(char* prder,char* order,int x)
{ if(x==0) return NULL;char *p=NULL;int t=0;for(p=order;p<order+x;p++){if(*p==prder[0]){break;}else{t++;}}tree* root=buynode(prder[0]);root->left=later(prder+1,order,t);root->right=later(prder+1+t,order+t+1,x-t-1);return root;
}
void print(tree* root)
{if(root!=NULL){print(root->left);print(root->right);cout<<root->data;}
}
int main()
{char order[100];char prder[100];cin>>order;cin>>prder;tree*root=later(prder,order,strlen(prder));print(root);
}

986: 哈夫曼译码

const int maxvalue=100;const int maxbit=100;const int maxn=100;#include "iostream"#include "stdio.h"#include "stdlib.h"using namespace std;struct haffnode{char ch;int weight;int flag;int parent;int leftchild;int rightchild;};struct code{int bit[maxn];int start;int weight;char ch;};void haffman(int weight[],char text[],int n,haffnode hafftree[]){int j,m1,m2,x1,x2,i;for(i=0;i< 2*n-1;i++){if(i < n){hafftree[i].weight=weight[i];hafftree[i].ch=text[i];}else{hafftree[i].weight=0;hafftree[i].ch='#';}hafftree[i].parent=0;hafftree[i].flag=0;hafftree[i].leftchild=-1;hafftree[i].rightchild=-1;}for(i=0;i< n-1;i++){m1=m2=maxvalue;x1=x2=0;for(j=0;j< n+i;j++){if(hafftree[j].weight< m1&&hafftree[j].flag==0){m2=m1;x2=x1;m1=hafftree[j].weight;x1=j;}else if(hafftree[j].weight< m2&&hafftree[j].flag==0){m2=hafftree[j].weight; x2=j;}}hafftree[x1].parent=n+i;hafftree[x2].parent=n+i;hafftree[x1].flag=1;hafftree[x2].flag=1;hafftree[n+i].weight=hafftree[x1].weight+hafftree[x2].weight;hafftree[n+i].leftchild=x1; hafftree[n+i].rightchild=x2;}}void haffmancode(haffnode hafftree[],int n,code haffcode[]){code cd; int i,j; int child,parent;for( i=0;i< n;i++){cd.start=n-1;cd.weight=hafftree[i].weight;cd.ch=hafftree[i].ch;child=i;parent=hafftree[child].parent;while(parent!=0){if(hafftree[parent].leftchild==child)cd.bit[cd.start]=0;else cd.bit[cd.start]=1;cd.start--;child=parent;parent=hafftree[child].parent;}for(j=cd.start+1;j< n;j++)haffcode[i].bit[j]=cd.bit[j];haffcode[i].start=cd.start;haffcode[i].weight=cd.weight;haffcode[i].ch=cd.ch;}}
#include"string.h"
void ccode(haffnode hafftree[],int n){ char str[100];cin>>str;int treenode=n*2-2;int len=strlen(str);for(int i=0;i<len;i++){if(str[i]=='0'){treenode=hafftree[treenode].leftchild;}if(str[i]=='1'){treenode=hafftree[treenode].rightchild;}if(hafftree[treenode].leftchild==-1||hafftree[treenode].rightchild==-1){cout<<hafftree[treenode].ch;treenode=n*2-2;}}
}int main( ){int n=8;int weight[]={5,29,7,8,14,23,3,11};char text[]={'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h'};haffnode myhafftree[maxvalue];code myhaffcode[maxvalue];haffman(weight,text,n,myhafftree);haffmancode(myhafftree,n,myhaffcode);ccode(myhafftree,n);return 0;}

1105: 交换二叉树的孩子结点

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
char s[100];
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* create(char s[],int*data)
{if(s[*data]=='#'||s[*data]=='\0'){(*data)++;return NULL;}tree* root=buynode(s[*data]);(*data)++;root->left=create(s,data);root->right=create(s,data);return root;
}
void order(tree* root)
{if(root!=NULL){order(root->right);cout<<root->data;order(root->left);}
}
void prder(tree* root)
{if(root!=NULL){cout<<root->data;prder(root->right);prder(root->left);}
}
int main()
{cin>>s;int data=0;tree* root=create(s,&data);order(root);cout<<endl;prder(root);
}

1077: 平衡二叉树的判定

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
char s[100];
#include"cstring"
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* create(char s[],int* data)
{if(s[*data]=='#'||s[*data]=='\0'){(*data)++;return NULL;}tree* root=buynode(s[*data]);(*data)++;root->left=create(s,data);root->right=create(s,data);return root;
}
int depth(tree* root)
{if(root==NULL) return 0;int left=depth(root->left);int right=depth(root->right);return left>right?left+1:right+1;
}
bool balance(tree* root)
{if(root==NULL) return 1;if(root->left==NULL&&root->right==NULL) return 1;int left=depth(root->left);int right=depth(root->right);return abs(left-right)<=1&&balance(root->left)&&balance(root->right);}
int main()
{cin>>s;int data=0;tree* root=create(s,&data);if(balance(root)==1) cout<<"yes!";else cout<<"no!";
}

1014: 交换排序算法的设计与实现——冒泡排序

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int a[100];
int n;
int main()
{cin>>n;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>a[i];}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){for(int j=i;j<n-i-1;j++){if(a[j]>a[j+1]){int tmp=a[j+1];a[j+1]=a[j];a[j]=tmp;}}break;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cout<<a[i]<<" ";}
}

1053: 输出利用先序遍历创建的二叉树中的指定结点的度

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int a[100];
int n;
char s[100];
typedef struct tree
{struct tree* left,*right;char data;
}tree;
tree* buynode(char ch)
{tree* root=(tree*)malloc(sizeof(tree));root->data=ch;root->left=root->right=NULL;return root;
}
tree* create(char s[],int*data)
{if(s[*data]=='#'||s[*data]=='\0'){(*data)++;return NULL;}tree* root=buynode(s[*data]);(*data)++;root->left=create(s,data);root->right=create(s,data);return root;
}
int find(tree* root,char* key)
{if(root==NULL) return 0;if(root->data==*key){if(root->left!=NULL&&root->right!=NULL) return 2;else if(root->left!=NULL||root->right!=NULL) return 1;else return 0;}int left=find(root->left,key);int right=find(root->right,key);if(left>0||right>0)return 1;}
int main()
{cin>>s;char key;cin>>key;int data=0;tree* root=create(s,&data);cout<<find(root,&key);
}

1010: 折半查找的实现

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int a[100];
int main()
{int n=0;cin>>n;int data=0;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){cin>>a[i];}int key=0;cin>>key;int left=0;int right=n-1;int cnt=0;while(left<=right){int mid=(left+right)/2;if(a[mid]<key){left=mid+1;cnt++;}if(a[mid]>key){right=mid-1;cnt++;}if(a[mid]==key){cout<<mid<<endl<<cnt;return 0;}}cout<<"-1"<<endl<<cnt;
}