蓝桥杯速成教程｛三｝（adc,i2c,uart）

目录

一、adc

原理图​编辑引脚配置

Adc通道使能配置 

实例测试

​编辑效果显示

案例程序

 badc

按键相关函数

测量频率+占空比

main

按键的过程

显示界面的过程 

二、IIC通信-eeprom

原理图AT24C02

引脚配置

不可用状态，用的软件IIC 

官方库移植

At24c02手册 

​编辑真题案例

​编辑实验现象

案例程序

 i2c.c

读的函数

 写的函数

 main

 主函数

 按键的过程、参数显示界面

案例显现展示

三、uart

原理图

官方给的代码的测试现象

 cube配置

参数设置

波特率设置

​编辑中断使能

 案例代码呈现

main

主函数

按键设置及界面显示 

 现象效果展示

---

一、adc

原理图引脚配置

Adc通道使能配置 

Adc是将一个模拟的值Adc通道使能配置

转化为一个电压的值

ADC2通道使能及模式设置

之后点击生成即可 

实例测试

效果显示

显示在第三行

案例程序

 

---

 badc

/----------------------------badc.h---------------------------------------------/

#ifndef __BADC_H__
#define __BADC_H__#include "main.h"
double getADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin);#endif

/-----------------------------badc.c---------------------------------------------/

#include "badc.h"//读取adc值的函数double getADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin)
{uint adc;//读出的原始值HAL_ADC_Start(pin);//开启adcadc = HAL_ADC_GetValue(pin);return adc*3.3/4096;// 读取到的电压值，均分一个等分看在3.3所占的比例
}	

/---------------------------------interrupt.h----------------------------------/

#ifndef __INTERRUPT_H__
#define __INTERRUPT_H__#include "main.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
struct keys
{uchar judge_sta;bool key_sta;bool single_flag;//确认被按下他为1uint key_time;  //判断按下的时间，时间比较长uchar long_flag;
};void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);
void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);#endif

/---------------------------------interrupt.c----------------------------------/

按键相关函数

struct keys key[4] = {0,0,0};
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{if(htim->Instance==TIM4){key[0].key_sta  = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0);key[1].key_sta  = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1);key[2].key_sta  = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2);key[3].key_sta  = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0);for(int i = 0;i<4;i++){switch (key[i].judge_sta){case 0:{if(key[i].key_sta == 0) //发现按键被按下{		key[i].judge_sta=1;key[i].key_time=0;//将时间清零}}break;case 1:{if(key[i].key_sta ==0)//消抖的过程里面就不能确定他短按键会与长按键冲突{key[i].judge_sta=2;}else key[i].judge_sta=0;}break;case 2:{if(key[i].key_sta==1)//长按{key[i].judge_sta=0;				if(key[i].key_time<70){key[i].single_flag = 1;}}else{key[i].key_time++;//在他没有松开的打断时间内if(key[i].key_time>70) 	key[i].long_flag=1;}}break;case 3:{}break;}}}
}

测量频率+占空比

double  ccrl_val1a  = 0,ccrl_val2a  = 0;
uint ccr1_val1b=0,ccr1_val2b=0;
uint frq1=0,frq2=0;  //频率
float duty1=0,duty2=0;//占空比void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{if(htim->Instance==TIM2){if(htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1)//中段消息来源 选择直接输入的通道{ccrl_val1a= HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1); //计时值hal库的计时函数  直接ccr1_val1b= HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2); //计时值hal库的计时函数  间接__HAL_TIM_SetCounter(htim,0);//计时值清零frq1=(80000000/80)/ccrl_val1a;//计算频率duty1=(ccr1_val1b/ccrl_val1a)*100;HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//从小打开定时器HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2);//从小打开定时器}}if(htim->Instance==TIM3){if(htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1)//中段消息来源 选择直接输入的通道{ccrl_val2a= HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1); //计时值hal库的计时函数  直接ccr1_val2b= HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2); //计时值hal库的计时函数  间接__HAL_TIM_SetCounter(htim,0);//计时值清零frq2=(80000000/80)/ccrl_val2a;//计算频率duty2=(ccr1_val2b/ccrl_val2a)*100;HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//从小打开定时器HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2);//从小打开定时器}}
}

main.h

/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "led.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "badc.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
void key_proc(void);//按键的过程
void disp_proc(void);//显示界面的过程extern struct keys key[];
extern uint frq1,frq2;//计算的到的回调值
extern float duty1,duty2;
uchar view=0;uchar pa6_duty = 10;
uchar pa7_duty = 10;/* USER CODE END PTD */

main

int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LED_Disp(0x00);//LED初始化LCD_Init();//LCD初始化LCD_Clear(Black);LCD_SetBackColor(Black);LCD_SetTextColor(White);HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);  //定时器中断HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输出通道HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输通道//打开定时器HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断   频率测量捕获定时器开启HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */key_proc();disp_proc();
//		LED_Disp(0x02);
//		HAL_Delay(500);
//		LED_Disp(0x00);
//		HAL_Delay(1000);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

按键的过程

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */void key_proc(void)//按键的过程
{if(key[0].single_flag ==1){view=!view;key[0].single_flag=0;}if(key[1].single_flag ==1)//按键2按下一次加10%{pa6_duty+=10;if(pa6_duty>=100) pa6_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa6_duty);//设置比较key[1].single_flag=0;}if(key[2].single_flag ==1)//按键3 按下一次加10%{pa7_duty+=10;if(pa7_duty>=100) pa7_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa7_duty);//设置比较key[2].single_flag=0;}
}

显示界面的过程 

void disp_proc(void)//显示界面的过程
{if(view==0){char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Data     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ1=%d     ",frq1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty1=%.3f  ",duty1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ2=%d     ",frq2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty2=%.3f   ",duty2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);//ADC显示  1  测量的是靠左的电位器sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc1));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6, (uint8_t *)text);//2sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc2));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line7, (uint8_t *)text);}if(view==1)//参数显示界面{char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Para     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA6:%d      ",pa6_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA7:%d      ",pa7_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);//界面清理		sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);}
}/* USER CODE END 4 */

二、IIC通信-eeprom

原理图AT24C02

引脚配置

为什么要配置成output模式因为官方会提供一个i2c的库，可以直接用用的是软件IIC

不可用状态，用的软件IIC 

之后直接生成就可 

官方库移植

将这两个文件复制到bsp文件下面

At24c02手册 

1k，2k是容量

一个总线上可以挂很多很多芯片

真题案例

实验现象

问题   ---按键没有用只显示1038

案例程序

#include "i2c - hal.h"官方给的参考程序的头文件有问题所以要改成这样

 I2c.h

#ifndef __I2C_H
#define __I2C_H#include "main.h"void I2CStart(void);
void I2CStop(void);
unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void);
void I2CSendAck(void);
void I2CSendNotAck(void);
void I2CSendByte(unsigned char cSendByte);
unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void);
void I2CInit(void);
void eeprom_write(uchar addr,uchar dat);
uchar eeprom_read(uchar addr);#endif

 i2c.c

读的函数

//读的函数uchar eeprom_read(uchar addr)
{//正常代码
//	uchar dat;
//	I2CStart();//i2c开启
//	I2CSendByte(0xa0);//联系芯片   
//	I2CWaitAck();
//	I2CSendByte(addr);//传递的参数
//	I2CWaitAck();
//	
//	//将真实的数据读回
//	I2CStart();
//	I2CSendByte(0xa1);
//	I2CWaitAck();//发送完等待
//	dat=I2CReceiveByte();
//	I2CSendNotAck();
//	I2CStop();
//	return dat;//返回结果uchar dat;I2CStart();//i2c开启I2CSendByte(0xa0);//联系芯片   I2CWaitAck();I2CSendByte(addr);//传递的参数I2CWaitAck();I2CStop();I2CStart();//i2c开启I2CSendByte(0xa1);//联系芯片   I2CWaitAck();dat=I2CReceiveByte();I2CSendNotAck();I2CStop();return dat;//返回结果}

 写的函数

void eeprom_write(uchar addr,uchar dat)
{I2CStart();//i2c开启I2CSendByte(0xa0);//联系芯片   I2CWaitAck();//等待应答I2CSendByte(addr);//传递的参数I2CWaitAck();I2CSendByte(dat);//数据发送给芯片I2CWaitAck();I2CStop();
}

 main

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "led.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "badc.h"
#include "i2c - hal.h"/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
void key_proc(void);//按键的过程
void disp_proc(void);//显示界面的过程extern struct keys key[];
extern uint frq1,frq2;//计算的到的回调值
extern float duty1,duty2;
uchar view=0;uchar pa6_duty = 10;
uchar pa7_duty = 10;/* USER CODE END PTD */

 主函数

int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LED_Disp(0x00);//LED初始化LCD_Init();//LCD初始化LCD_Clear(Black);LCD_SetBackColor(Black);LCD_SetTextColor(White);HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);  //定时器中断HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输出通道HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输通道//打开定时器HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断   频率测量捕获定时器开启HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断/* USER CODE END 2 *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */key_proc();disp_proc();
//		LED_Disp(0x02);
//		HAL_Delay(500);
//		LED_Disp(0x00);
//		HAL_Delay(1000);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

 按键的过程、参数显示界面

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */void key_proc(void)//按键的过程
{if(key[0].single_flag ==1){view=!view;key[0].single_flag=0;}if(key[1].single_flag ==1)//按键2按下一次加10%{pa6_duty+=10;if(pa6_duty>=100) pa6_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa6_duty);//设置比较key[1].single_flag=0;}if(key[2].single_flag ==1)//按键3 按下一次加10%{pa7_duty+=10;if(pa7_duty>=100) pa7_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa7_duty);//设置比较key[2].single_flag=0;}//显示按键频率  eeprom只能存一个8位，所以要将他拆成高八位和低八位if(key[3].single_flag ==1)//按键3{uchar frq_h = frq1 >> 8;uchar frq_l = frq1 & 0xff;eeprom_write(1,frq_h);//写入高位HAL_Delay(10);//太快会发不出去eeprom_write(2,frq_l);//写入低8位key[3].single_flag = 0;}
}void disp_proc(void)//显示界面的过程
{if(view==0){char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Data     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ1=%d     ",frq1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty1=%.3f  ",duty1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ2=%d     ",frq2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty2=%.3f   ",duty2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);//ADC显示  1  测量的是靠左的电位器sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc1));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6, (uint8_t *)text);//2sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc2));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line7, (uint8_t *)text);uint eep_temp=(eeprom_read(1)<<8)+eeprom_read(2);//读取数据，高8位放第1位，低8位放2为sprintf(text,"     FRQ_eep=%d   ",eep_temp);//将存入的数据显示出来LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8, (uint8_t *)text);}if(view==1)//参数显示界面{char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Para     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA6:%d      ",pa6_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA7:%d      ",pa7_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);//界面清理		sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);}
}/* USER CODE END 4 */

案例显现展示

三、uart

原理图

 

2022年1月~2月购买的可能会有硬件故障 --

官方给的代码的测试现象

 cube配置

改为异步模式，同步模式其他端口被占用，串口参数设置，如果没有设置lcd的话他会默认PC4和PC5，所以需要手动更改

参数设置

波特率设置

根据题目要求设置

中断使能

之后生成代码即可 

 案例代码呈现

interrupt同上

main

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "led.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "badc.h"
#include "i2c - hal.h"
#include "string.h"/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
void key_proc(void);//按键的过程
void disp_proc(void);//显示界面的过程extern struct keys key[];
extern uint frq1,frq2;//计算的到的回调值
extern float duty1,duty2;
uchar view=0;uchar pa6_duty = 10;
uchar pa7_duty = 10;/* USER CODE END PTD */

主函数

int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LED_Disp(0x00);//LED初始化LCD_Init();//LCD初始化LCD_Clear(Black);LCD_SetBackColor(Black);LCD_SetTextColor(White);HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);  //定时器中断HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输出通道HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开pwm的输通道//打开定时器HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断   频率测量捕获定时器开启HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1);  //定时器中断/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */key_proc();disp_proc();//简单的发送char temp[20];sprintf(temp,"frq=%d\r\n",frq1);    //打印频率再电脑HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)temp,strlen(temp),50);HAL_Delay(500);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

按键设置及界面显示 

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */void key_proc(void)//按键的过程
{if(key[0].single_flag ==1){view=!view;key[0].single_flag=0;}if(key[1].single_flag ==1)//按键2按下一次加10%{pa6_duty+=10;if(pa6_duty>=100) pa6_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim16,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa6_duty);//设置比较key[1].single_flag=0;}if(key[2].single_flag ==1)//按键3 按下一次加10%{pa7_duty+=10;if(pa7_duty>=100) pa7_duty=10;__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,pa7_duty);//设置比较key[2].single_flag=0;}//显示按键频率  eeprom只能存一个8位，所以要将他拆成高八位和低八位if(key[3].single_flag ==1)//按键3{uchar frq_h = frq1 >> 8;uchar frq_l = frq1 & 0xff;eeprom_write(1,frq_h);//写入高位HAL_Delay(10);//太快会发不出去eeprom_write(2,frq_l);//写入低8位key[3].single_flag = 0;}
}void disp_proc(void)//显示界面的过程
{if(view==0){char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Data     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ1=%d     ",frq1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty1=%.3f  ",duty1);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     FRQ2=%d     ",frq2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     duty2=%.3f   ",duty2);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);//ADC显示  1  测量的是靠左的电位器sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc1));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6, (uint8_t *)text);//2sprintf(text,"     V:=%.2f   ",getADC(&hadc2));//在mx中配置了LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line7, (uint8_t *)text);串口相关代码///uint eep_temp=(eeprom_read(1)<<8)+eeprom_read(2);//读取数据，高8位放第1位，低8位放2为sprintf(text,"     FRQ_eep=%d   ",eep_temp);//将存入的数据显示出来LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8, (uint8_t *)text);}if(view==1)//参数显示界面{char text[30];sprintf(text,"       Para     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA6:%d      ",pa6_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"     PA7:%d      ",pa7_duty);LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);//界面清理		sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uint8_t *)text);sprintf(text,"                  ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, (uint8_t *)text);}
}/* USER CODE END 4 */

 现象效果展示

串口数据

lcd显示