论文概览 |《Cities》2024.07 Vol.150（上）
本次给大家整理的是《Cities》杂志2024年07月第150期的论文的题目和摘要，一共包括90篇SCI论文！由于论文过多，我们将通过两篇文章进行介绍，本篇文章介绍第1--第45篇论文!
论文1
Spatiotemporal infection dynamics: Linking individual movement patterns to infection status
时空感染动态：将个体运动模式与感染状态联系起来
【摘要】
The swift relaxation of the zero-COVID policy in late 2022 led to an unprecedented surge in Omicron variant infections in many cities of China. Reconstructing the spatiotemporal spread of infections is crucial for effective disease prevention. However, the challenge arose due to limited data from surveys and testing results. As such, we utilized large-scale mobile phone data to estimate daily infections in Beijing from November 2022 to January 2023. Our study demonstrated that an individual's mobility status (staying home or going outside), inferred from long-term mobile phone signaling data, could indicate his or her infection status. Then, the inferred statuses of millions of individuals could be summed to reconstruct the citywide spatiotemporal dynamics of infections. We found that the infection incidence peaked on 21 December, and 80.1 % of population had been infected by 14 January 2023 in Beijing. Furthermore, infection dynamics exhibited significant demographic and spatiotemporal disparities, with urban centers experiencing faster initial increases compared to suburbs. Our work provides a new viewpoint for sensing the epidemic spatiotemporally from residents' mobility patterns in a city when official measures of confirming cases are not available, and our findings facilitate city policymaking in terms of relaxing containment measures.
【摘要翻译】
2022年底零新冠政策的迅速放松导致中国许多城市的Omicron变异感染史无前例地激增。重建感染的时空传播对于有效预防疾病至关重要。然而，由于调查和检测结果的数据有限，这一任务面临挑战。因此，我们利用大规模的手机数据估算了2022年11月至2023年1月北京的每日感染情况。研究表明，从长期手机信号数据推断的个人出行状态（在家或外出）可以指示其感染状态。然后，将数百万人的推断感染状态汇总，可以重建全市范围内感染的时空动态。我们发现，12月21日感染率达到峰值，到2023年1月14日，北京80.1%的人口已经感染。此外，感染动态表现出显著的人口和时空差异，市中心的初始增长速度明显快于郊区。我们的研究提供了一种新的视角，通过居民的出行模式在官方确认病例措施不可用时感知疫情的时空动态，我们的发现有助于城市在放宽防控措施方面的政策制定。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104932
【作者信息】
Xiaorui Yan, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Ci Song, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Tao Pei, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学&江苏省地理信息资源开发与应用协同创新中心，peit@lreis.ac.cn
Erjia Ge, 多伦多大学达拉拉纳公共卫生学院
Le Liu, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Xi Wang, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Linfeng Jiang，兰州大学地球与环境科学学院
论文2
Size does matter: A maturity model for the special needs of small and medium-sized smart cities
规模确实很重要：针对中小型智慧城市特殊需求的成熟度模型
【摘要】
A significant amount of people live in small and medium-sized cities. In the context of smart cities and their further development, these are still often neglected in scientific considerations. We present a maturity model developed by a design science approach on the basis of theory and practice, specifically for the needs of small and medium-sized cities, in order to support them in their development into a fully comprehensive smart city. We derived requirements from the literature on the one hand and on the basis of expert interviews on the other hand. We evaluated our model using the example of the medium-sized town of Bad Hersfeld. Our maturity model can be easily applied by those responsible in small and medium-sized cities and provides a means of comparison with other cities of a similar size. It can further help city leaders to plan the next step in their smart city.
【摘要翻译】
大量人口生活在中小型城市。在智慧城市及其进一步发展的背景下，这些城市在科学研究中往往被忽视。我们提出了一个基于理论和实践的设计科学方法开发的成熟度模型，专门针对中小型城市的需求，以支持它们向全面智慧城市发展。一方面，我们从文献中提取需求，另一方面，我们基于专家访谈得出需求。我们以中等规模城市巴特赫尔斯费尔德为例对我们的模型进行了评估。我们的方法可以由中小型城市的负责人轻松应用，并提供与其他类似规模城市的比较手段。它还能帮助城市领导者规划智慧城市发展的下一步。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104998
【作者信息】
Christian Anschütz, 德国哈根大学
Katharina Ebner, 德国哈根大学
Stefan Smolnik, 德国哈根大学
论文3
City-forming role of the Metro in Warsaw
地铁在华沙的城市形成作用
【摘要】
The article analyses the continuous transformations in the spatial development of the western part of Warsaw from 2001 to 2022. The study utilises cartographic materials and temporal analysis, considering pedestrian travel times to planned metro stations in the Bemowo district. An investment analysis of single and multi-family buildings was conducted throughout the Bemowo district and near metro stations. The analysis is based on four time intervals to determine the speed and nature of changes and their impact on land development. The selected analysis periods are 2001–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2016, and 2016–2022. In 2022, the construction of the last section of the second metro line commenced. The results indicate that the total number of buildings constructed in Bemowo within 833 m of the metro station increased by 298 between 2001 and 2022, representing a growth of 64.5 %. During the same period, the building area increased by 1,237,405 m2, corresponding to a growth of 136.2 % relative to the existing area. The highest increase in the number of new multi-family buildings was observed after 2016, providing evidence of the alignment of the construction and the second metro line station with the transit-oriented development (TOD) concept in the western part of Warsaw.
【摘要翻译】
本文分析了2001年至2022年间华沙西部地区空间发展的持续转变。研究利用了制图材料和时间分析，考虑了Bemowo区到规划地铁站的步行时间。对整个Bemowo区和地铁站附近的单户和多户建筑进行了投资分析。分析基于四个时间间隔，以确定变化的速度和性质及其对土地开发的影响。选定的分析时期为2001–2005年、2005–2010年、2010–2016年和2016–2022年。2022年，第二条地铁线的最后一段开始建设。结果表明，2001年至2022年间，Bemowo区内距离地铁站833米范围内新建建筑总数增加了298栋，增长了64.5%。同期，建筑面积增加了1,237,405平方米，相当于现有面积的136.2%增长。2016年以后，新建多户建筑数量的增幅最大，证明了建筑与第二条地铁线车站在华沙西部地区与以交通为导向的发展（TOD）概念的对齐。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104994
【作者信息】
Sławomir Goliszek，波兰科学院地理与空间组织研究所
论文4
Ordered weighted averaging for the evaluation of urban inequality in sao Sebastião Do Paraíso
圣塞巴斯蒂昂·杜帕莱索市的城市不平等评估中的有序加权平均法
【摘要】
Urban inequality is a highly complex and multidimensional phenomenon that involves several aspects, such as education, urban mobility, environment, technological or digital exclusion, food deserts, and inequalities in the distribution of urban facilities. Due to its impact on the living conditions of populations residing in the most deprived and unhealthy areas of cities, inequality in the distribution of urban public services is a particularly relevant issue. The measurement of urban inequality to discuss possible policy implications requires the synthesis of its sub-dimensions. Therefore, this paper applies the multicriteria method called ordered weighted averaging to evaluate the distribution of public goods in census tracts of the city of São Sebastião do Paraíso in Brazil. In particular, ordered weighted averaging, which allows the calibration of different degrees of non-compensability between sub-indicators and considers the heterogeneity of the census tracts, permits the evaluation of both positive and negative aspects of the studied phenomena. Two different composite indicators are calculated: the “Tax Index,” which analyses the presence of public goods and the benefits in terms of property value and well-being that their presence generates, and the “Infrastructure Index,” which examines the areas with the greatest lack of infrastructure.
【摘要翻译】
城市不平等是一个高度复杂且多维的现象，涉及教育、城市交通、环境、技术或数字排斥、食物荒漠以及城市设施分布的不平等等多个方面。由于其对居住在城市中最贫困和不健康地区人口生活条件的影响，城市公共服务分布不平等是一个特别相关的问题。讨论可能的政策影响需要对其子维度进行综合测量。因此，本文应用一种多标准方法，即有序加权平均法，评估巴西圣塞巴斯蒂昂·杜帕莱索市普查区的公共物品分布情况。特别是，有序加权平均法允许在子指标之间校准不同程度的不可补偿性，并考虑普查区的异质性，从而能够评估所研究现象的正面和负面方面。计算了两个不同的综合指标：“税收指数”，分析公共物品的存在及其在财产价值和福祉方面所产生的益处；以及“基础设施指数”，研究基础设施缺乏最严重的地区。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104993
【作者信息】
Matheus Pereira Libório, 米纳斯吉拉斯天主教大学
Hamidreza Rabiei-Dastjerdi, 都柏林大学建筑、规划和环境政策学院&健康社会决定因素研究中心&伊斯法罕医科大学
Chris Brunsdon, 爱尔兰梅努斯大学国家地理计算中心
Marcelo de Rezende Pinto, 米纳斯吉拉斯天主教大学
Elisa Fusco, 佛罗伦萨大学
Francesco Vidoli，乌尔比诺大学
论文5
An assessment framework of global smart cities for sustainable development in a post-pandemic era
后疫情时代全球智慧城市可持续发展评估框架
【摘要】
The urgent decline of global progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the post-COVID-19 era necessitates immediate action in the field of smart cities. This paper proposes a new framework to assess the performance of global smart cities, emphasizing the vitality and potential of sustainability-oriented smartness for global smart cities, as well as the role of benchmarking cities on a global scale. The framework centered around the principles of “humanity-technology-sustainability” tackles critical challenges related to feasibility, interoperability, and flexibility in smart city assessments. By integrating academic perceptions with quantitative performance results, the proposed framework aims to facilitate the advancement of sustainable smart city through urban comparisons and the expansion of global visions within the smart city ecosystem in a post-pandemic future. In each of the past three years, twenty globally renowned cities for smart city development are assessed under this framework and published on UNPAN (United Nations Public Administration Network) website. These assessments aim to draw the attention of more cities to the factors that contribute to advancing smart cities under the new world development goals, to identify benchmark cities across different dimensions, and to assist decision-makers in prioritizing future smart city development initiatives.
【摘要翻译】
在后COVID-19时代，全球朝着实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）的进展急剧下滑，这需要在智慧城市领域立即采取行动。本文提出了评估全球智慧城市绩效的新框架，强调以可持续发展为导向的智慧对于全球智慧城市的活力和潜力，以及全球范围内标杆城市的作用。该框架以“人性-技术-可持续性”为中心原则，解决了智慧城市评估中与可行性、互操作性和灵活性相关的关键挑战。通过将学术观点与定量绩效结果整合，该提议的框架旨在通过城市比较和在后疫情未来的智慧城市生态系统中扩展全球愿景，促进可持续智慧城市的发展。在过去三年中，根据该框架评估了二十个全球知名的智慧城市发展，并发布在联合国公共行政网络（UNPAN）网站上。这些评估旨在吸引更多城市关注推动智慧城市发展的因素，识别不同维度的基准城市，并协助决策者优先考虑未来的智慧城市发展倡议。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104990
【作者信息】
Xuesheng Qian, 复旦大学智慧城市研究中心&复旦大学管理学院
Mengfan Chen, 复旦大学智慧城市研究中心
Fuchun Zhao, 上海社会科学院信息研究所
Hong Ling，复旦大学智慧城市研究中心&复旦大学管理学院
论文6
Neighborhood abandonment and quality of life: A comparison of neighborhood satisfaction and housing value measures
社区荒废与生活质量：社区满意度和房屋价值衡量指标的比较
【摘要】
The neighborhood environment plays a significant role in shaping neighborhood perceptions and, as a result, on quality of life. Little research, however, has been conducted on the role of neighborhood environment when neighborhood disorders, such as structural abandonment, exist. Using the American Housing Survey data, this research explores the relationship between neighborhood abandonment and quality of life using two measures – neighborhood satisfaction and housing values. The results indicate that the presence of neighborhood abandonment is negatively associated with neighborhood satisfaction while housing values are more sensitive to both the presence and severity of abandonment. We suggest that socially vulnerable communities with high tolerance but low resilience to abandonment require more attention, especially toward improving the social environment.
【摘要翻译】
社区环境在塑造社区感知和因此影响生活质量方面发挥着重要作用。然而，关于社区环境在存在结构性荒废等社区紊乱情况下的作用，很少有研究进行。本研究利用美国住房调查数据，通过邻里满意度和住房价值这两项指标探讨了邻里放弃与生活质量之间的关系。结果表明，社区荒废的存在与社区满意度呈负相关，而房屋价值对荒废的存在和严重程度更为敏感。我们建议对社会易受影响但对荒废的容忍度高、抵御能力低的社区，尤其是改善社会环境方面，需要更多关注。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105011
【作者信息】
Ryun Jung Lee, 德克萨斯大学建筑与规划学院
Galen Newman, 德克萨斯农工大学景观建筑与城市规划系
Wayne Day，德克萨斯农工大学景观建筑与城市规划系
论文7
Rotterdam in the 21st century: From ‘sick man’ to ‘capital of cool’
21世纪的鹿特丹：从“病夫”到“酷之都”
【摘要】
This City Profile presents a multi-disciplinary perspective on the development of Rotterdam, analysing its transformation from a “sick man” to the “capital of cool” between 1995-current. Our profile integrates insights from five policy domains and presents them as a new framework. First, Rotterdam witnessed the rise of the populist right and established a new safety regime through a zero-tolerance mentality. Second, Rotterdam's superdiversity initially triggered anti-migration sentiments, but has more recently been normalised. Third, state-led gentrification policies have uplifted Rotterdam's status and provided space for middle-class households, thereby restricting access for working-class households. Fourth, the local administration has initiated large-scale urban regeneration projects as new flagships in former port areas and the city centre. Fifth, the city has been using water safety improvements to guide urban development and to create an attractive city. Overall, these developments have contributed to Rotterdam's new, hip image. However, we argue this image is Janus-faced. The populist and repressive form of urban disadvantage management is highly politicised and considered discriminatory, whereas the new flagships and water-led urban development are depoliticised and technocratic. These two sides often operate autonomously from each other, but together they contribute to new divisions in Rotterdam.
【摘要翻译】
这份城市概况呈现了对鹿特丹发展的跨学科视角，分析了它从1995年至今从“病夫”变成“酷之首都”的转变。我们的概况整合了来自五个政策领域的见解，并将它们呈现为一个新的框架。首先，鹿特丹见证了民粹主义右翼的崛起，并通过零容忍态度建立了新的安全制度。其次，鹿特丹的超级多样性最初引发了反移民情绪，但近年来已经得到了正常化。第三，国家主导的翻新政策提升了鹿特丹的地位，并为中产阶级家庭提供了空间，从而限制了工人阶级家庭的进入。第四，地方政府启动了大规模的城市再生项目，将前港口地区和市中心打造成新的旗舰。第五，该市一直在利用水安全改善来引导城市发展，打造一个宜居城市。总的来说，这些发展促成了鹿特丹新的时尚形象。然而，我们认为这种形象具有两面性。城市不利管理的民粹主义和压制性形式被高度政治化，被认为是歧视性的，而新的旗舰项目和以水为主导的城市发展则被去政治化和技术化。这两方面往往相互独立运作，但它们共同促成了鹿特丹的新分裂。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105009
【作者信息】
Gijs Custers, 荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学法律、社会和犯罪系
Jannes J. Willems，荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学阿姆斯特丹社会科学研究所
论文8
The correlation between children's outdoor activities and community space characteristics: A case study utilizing SOPARC and KDE methods in Chengdu, China
儿童户外活动与社区空间特征的相关性：以中国成都市SOPARC和KDE方法为例
【摘要】
Children's outdoor activities and their relationship with community space environments are of paramount importance for the development of child-friendly cities. This study investigates this connection within the context of Chengdu, China, utilizing quantitative research methods to provide both practical and theoretical insights. The research identifies key factors that influence children's outdoor experiences, including the flatness of paving surfaces, integration of natural elements, space richness, site scale, and specific features like watching spaces, play facilities, rest facilities, and accessibility to commercial amenities. A crucial finding of the study underscores the pivotal role of watching spaces in shaping children's outdoor activities, emphasizing the need for designs that balance parental supervision with children's independent play. Furthermore, the type and quantity of play facilities, along with the placement of rest facilities, emerged as significant determinants of children's outdoor engagement. The accessibility of commercial facilities also demonstrated a notable impact on children's outdoor activities. This research offers valuable quantitative insights for the development of child-friendly urban communities. Urban planners and community developers can use these findings to create environments that not only encourage but actively support children's outdoor activities, ultimately contributing to the creation of healthier, more vibrant communities for the future.
【摘要翻译】
儿童的户外活动及其与社区空间环境的关系对于打造儿童友好城市的发展至关重要。本研究在中国成都的背景下探讨了这种联系，利用定量研究方法提供了实践和理论上的见解。研究确定了影响儿童户外体验的关键因素，包括铺装表面的平坦度、自然元素的整合、空间丰富度、场地规模以及观看空间、游乐设施、休息设施和商业设施可及性等特定特征。研究的一个关键发现强调了观看空间在塑造儿童户外活动中的关键作用，强调了设计需要平衡家长监督与儿童独立游戏之间的需求。此外，游乐设施的类型和数量以及休息设施的位置也被证明是影响儿童户外参与的重要因素。商业设施的可及性也对儿童的户外活动产生了显著影响。本研究为儿童友好城市社区的发展提供了宝贵的定量见解。城市规划者和社区开发者可以利用这些发现创建不仅鼓励而且积极支持儿童户外活动的环境，从而为未来创造更健康、更活跃的社区做出贡献。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105002
【作者信息】
Xia Wang, 四川大学城镇化战略与建筑研究院&四川大学建筑与环境学院
Pai Tang, 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院
Yichao He, 谢菲尔德大学景观设计系
Helen Woolley, 谢菲尔德大学景观设计系
Xiao Hu, 四川大学华西第二医院康复医学科
Lianlian Yang, 四川大学华西第二医院康复医学科
Jun Luo，四川大学城镇化战略与建筑研究院&四川大学建筑与环境学院
论文9
Discovering urban block typologies in Seoul: Combining planning knowledge and unsupervised machine learning
发现首尔的城市街区类型：结合规划知识和无监督机器学习
【摘要】
Urban blocks are fundamental elements of urban form and play an important role in urban development. Identification of their typologies has been a long-standing challenge in urban planning and design. Traditionally, expert-based classification has been used, but recent studies have shifted towards data-driven clustering to achieve better results. However, most studies tend to use only one of these approaches and few integrate both. To address this gap, this study proposes a framework that combines planning knowledge and machine learning to identify urban block typologies in complex urban environments. The framework first classifies blocks based on their size types according to planning regulations and development types. Then, a combined hierarchical and Gaussian mixture model is used to discover clusters with complex feature data distributions. These clusters are translated into block typologies using a semantic naming system and illustrated with representative blocks. Finally, the validity of the results is tested by comparing them with other building features, such as building age. The proposed integrated framework was applied to Seoul, resulting in the discovery of 27 residential block typologies across the entire city. These typologies show significant correlations with the average building age in the blocks. The application of expert knowledge in the clustering method demonstrates higher accuracy compared to conventional clustering approaches. Overall, this framework holds significant potential for discovering urban block typologies that are consistent with planning domain knowledge and provide urban planners and designers with valuable insights into the characteristics of urban block typologies, thereby helping decision-making regarding zoning regulations, urban design, and urban development strategies.
【摘要翻译】
城市街区是城市形态的基本要素，在城市发展中起着重要作用。识别其类型一直是城市规划和设计中长期存在的挑战。传统上，基于专家的分类被使用，但最近的研究已经转向数据驱动的聚类以获得更好的结果。然而，大多数研究往往只使用这两种方法中的一种，很少将两者整合起来。为了解决这一差距，本研究提出了一个框架，将规划知识和机器学习相结合，以识别复杂城市环境中的城市街区类型。该框架首先根据规划法规和开发类型将街区分类为不同尺寸类型。然后，使用组合的层次和高斯混合模型来发现具有复杂特征数据分布的聚类。这些聚类通过语义命名系统转化为街区类型，并通过代表性街区进行说明。最后，通过与其他建筑特征（如建筑年龄）进行比较，验证了结果的有效性。该综合框架被应用于首尔，发现了整个城市范围内的27种住宅街区类型。这些类型与街区的平均建筑年龄之间存在显著相关性。在聚类方法中应用专家知识显示出比传统聚类方法更高的准确性。总的来说，这一框架具有发现与规划领域知识一致的城市街区类型并向城市规划师和设计师提供有价值见解的重要潜力，从而有助于决策有关分区法规、城市设计和城市发展策略。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104988
【作者信息】
Na Li, 首尔汉阳大学城市规划与工程系
Steven Jige Quan，韩国首尔国立大学环境研究研究生院城市能源实验室&韩国首尔大学环境研究研究生院环境规划研究所
论文10
Housing costs are not a monolith: The association between neighborhood energy burdens and eviction filing rates
住房成本并非一成不变：社区能源负担与驱逐申请率之间的关联
【摘要】
Housing cost burden, defined as the percentage of income spent on rent/mortgage and utilities, is a growing problem as rents, mortgage interest rates, electricity, and gas costs have all increased exponentially. Many studies on housing cost burden and housing precarity focus on families' overall housing costs, leaving an important component of housing precarity—energy bills—unexplored. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between energy burdens, rent burdens, eviction filings, and neighborhood characteristics. Using cross-sectional Census tract level data from the Department of Energy, the American Community Survey, and Princeton University's Eviction Lab, we employ regression and mediation models to identify the relationship between energy burdens, rent burdens, and eviction filings and how these relationships change across neighborhood characteristics. We find average neighborhood energy burden is positively and significantly associated with eviction filing rates, holding rent burden constant. Both energy and rent burdens function are significant but substantively small mediators of the relationship between neighborhood poverty/race and eviction filing rates. Therefore, we encourage policymakers and advocates to consider coordinating housing and energy assistance opportunities, agencies to collect longitudinal data, and scholars to continue to disentangle the effects of various housing costs on outcomes, including evictions.
【摘要翻译】
住房成本负担（定义为家庭用于支付租金/抵押贷款和公用事业费用的收入比例），在租金、抵押贷款利率、电费和燃气费用均呈指数增长的情况下成为一个日益严重的问题。许多关于住房成本负担和住房不稳定性的研究都聚焦于家庭的整体住房成本，而忽视了住房不稳定性的一个重要组成部分——能源费用。本研究旨在理解能源负担、租金负担、驱逐申请和社区特征之间的关系。利用能源部、美国社区调查局和普林斯顿大学驱逐实验室的横断面普查区级别数据，我们采用回归和中介模型来识别能源负担、租金负担和驱逐申请之间的关系，以及这些关系如何随着社区特征的变化而变化。我们发现，平均社区能源负担与驱逐申请率呈正相关并且显著，保持租金负担不变。在驱逐申请率与社区贫困/种族之间的关系中，能源负担和租金负担均是显著但实质上很小的中介因素。因此，我们鼓励政策制定者和倡导者考虑协调住房和能源援助机会，机构收集纵向数据，学者继续剖析各种住房成本对结果（包括驱逐）的影响。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104995
【作者信息】
Megan E. Hatch, 克利夫兰州立大学马克辛·古德曼·莱文城市事务学院
Michelle Graff，克利夫兰州立大学马克辛·古德曼·莱文城市事务学院
论文11
Morphology of brothels: An investigation of spatial censorship and stigmatization - the case of Adana, Turkey
妓院的形态：空间审查和污名化的调查——以土耳其阿达纳为例
【摘要】
The fabric of the modern city is reproduced through standardized and sanitized spatial orders controlled by legal building codes and steered by inherited socio-spatial norms. In this context, marginal areas (i.e., slums, refugee camps, brothels) are deemed as deviations in which the ‘legitimate’ spatial syntax is interrupted and deformed. As marginal spaces pose a threat to moral concerns and the city's image, they are exposed to urban policies supported by a series of purification strategies. Brothels, as a kind of marginal space longstanding in urban history, have been systematically subject to different forms of moral cleansing to maintain public order. Modern geographies of sex work are continuously considered problematic in various urban contexts in terms of social, political, moral, juridical, and spatial aspects. Accordingly, subversive operations against brothels are common recurring actions enacted by state agencies in many modern cities. Exclusion, isolation, displacement, and concealment are adopted to keep these ‘immoral spaces’ out of the sight and consciousness of the moral majority.
This study investigates the spatial dimensions of exclusionary operations and discourse regarding the location-choice processes and territorialization dynamics of the legal brothels in Turkey. Patterns of urban stigma and neglect are traced through the existing contexts of brothels. After the general framework is established through examples across the country, a focused study is conducted for Adana Brothel. The study area is analyzed in a multi-scalar framework regarding relocation processes, spatial structure, spatial syntax, land use pattern, visibility, typo-morphological features, and boundary conditions. Accordingly, the sociopolitical attitude, exclusionary discourses, and displacement practices over the brothel are investigated, and the ‘spatial censorship’ strategies towards the brothels are revealed. Eventually, the research aims to develop the limited knowledge of brothels from a socio-morphological perspective.
【摘要翻译】
现代城市的结构通过标准化和清洁的空间秩序重现，受到法定建筑规范的控制，并受到继承的社会空间规范的引导。在这种背景下，边缘地区（如贫民窟、难民营、妓院）被视为偏离“合法”空间语法的异常，并遭到扭曲。由于边缘空间对道德关切和城市形象构成威胁，它们受到一系列净化策略支持的城市政策的影响。作为城市历史中长期存在的边缘空间，妓院一直受到不同形式的道德清洁的系统性影响，以维护公共秩序。性工作者的现代地理位置在社会、政治、道德、法律和空间方面在各种城市环境中持续被认为是有问题的。因此，在许多现代城市中，国家机构经常采取颠覆性的行动对付妓院。排斥、孤立、转移和隐匿措施被采用，以使这些“不道德的空间”远离道德大众的视线和意识。
本研究调查了土耳其合法妓院的地理排斥行动和话语的空间维度，探讨了其选址过程和领土化动态。通过现有的妓院背景，追踪了城市污名和忽视的模式。在全国范围内通过实例建立了一般性框架后，对阿达纳妓院进行了重点研究。该研究区域在关于搬迁过程、空间结构、空间语法、土地利用模式、可见性、形态特征和边界条件方面进行了多尺度的分析。因此，对妓院的社会政治态度、排斥性话语和转移实践进行了调查，揭示了针对妓院的“空间审查”策略。最终，该研究旨在从社会-形态学的角度拓展对妓院的有限认识。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105004
【作者信息】
Büşra İnce, 安卡拉 Yıldırım Beyazıt 大学建筑系
Olgu Çalışkan，中东技术大学建筑学院城市与区域规划系
论文12
Commercial urban agriculture for sustainable cities
可持续城市的商业都市农业
【摘要】
Food production in cities has great potential to increase food security and contribute to the achievement of sustainable development objectives. Urban agriculture initiatives correspond to one of the main strategies adopted by different countries, aiming at combating urban poverty and improving the well-being of the population. This study aims to know the commercial urban agriculture of Porto Alegre in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and its implications for the future of the sustainable development of the city. From interviews with farmers, it was discovered that urban agriculture in Porto Alegre contributes to development to sustainable cities. From an economic point of view, urban agriculture contributes to income generation, savings, capital expenditures and tax revenues. Their social roles include education, food security, human health, civic engagement, social equity, and gender equality. In relation to environmental functions it contributes to waste management, energy efficiency and reduction of pollutant emissions. The results of the study suggest the need for incentives to entrepreneurship, projects and incentives policies to innovation and technology, also a broad analysis to discover how to implement these lines of action, as well as other community action strategies.
【摘要翻译】
城市中的食品生产具有增加食品安全和实现可持续发展目标的巨大潜力。城市农业计划是各国采取的主要战略之一，旨在应对城市贫困问题，改善人口福祉。本研究旨在了解巴西南部里约格兰德杜苏尔州波尔图阿莱格雷市的商业城市农业及其对城市可持续发展的未来影响。通过与农民的访谈，发现波尔图阿莱格雷市的城市农业促进了城市的可持续发展。从经济角度来看，城市农业有助于收入增加、节约、资本支出和税收收入。它们的社会角色包括教育、食品安全、人类健康、公民参与、社会公平和性别平等。在环境功能方面，它有助于废物管理、能源效率和减少污染物排放。研究结果表明，需要采取措施鼓励创业精神，实施创新和技术政策的项目和激励政策，以及广泛的分析来发现如何实施这些行动线，以及其他社区行动策略。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105017
【作者信息】
Deise de Oliveira Alves, 农业综合企业研究中心 (CEPAN), 南里奥格兰德联邦大学
Letícia de Oliveira 农业综合企业研究中心 (CEPAN), 南里奥格兰德联邦大学&南里奥格兰德联邦大学经济与国际关系系
Diego Durante Mühl，农业综合企业研究中心 (CEPAN), 南里奥格兰德联邦大学
论文13
Reconceiving China's urban economic transition through symbiotic state-firm dynamics: An integrated perspective from urban governance and global production networks
通过共生的国企动态重新思考中国城市经济转型：城市治理和全球生产网络的综合视角
【摘要】
China's urban economic transition since the 2000s has garnered considerable scholarly interest. Two distinct bodies of scholarship, namely urban governance and global production networks, have investigated this phenomenon, each offering unique insights either from an endogenous state-centric or exogenous firm-centric approach. The former has justifiably accentuated the centrality of the state in shaping Chinas urban-regional economic reconfiguration but lacks exploration of the multifaceted ways in which state apparatus engages with a spectrum of quotidian firm-level activities and the negotiation power these firms wield. The latter embraces an exogenous firm-centric perspective on the economic transition in East Asia latecomer regions, stressing forces of globalisation, foreign investment, and intra/inter/extra-firm networks, but tends to bracket the state into the institutional background and, therefore, downplays its agentic role. By initiating a dialogue between these two theoretical frameworks, this paper formulates a dialectical state-firm relational approach, offering a revitalised, integrative comprehension of China's urban economic transformation. Employing Dongguan - a globally recognised hub for ICT manufacturing - as an empirical focal point, it elucidates how the relational state-firm dynamics evolve temporally, differ spatially across territories and scales, and display distinct contrasts between high-value-added and labour-intensive sectors within the ICT industry.
【摘要翻译】
自21世纪以来，中国的城市经济转型引起了广泛的学术关注。两个独立的学术领域，即城市治理和全球生产网络，都对这一现象进行了研究，各自从内生的以国家为中心或外生的以企业为中心的方法提供了独特的见解。前者合理地强调了国家在塑造中国城市-区域经济重组中的核心作用，但缺乏对国家机构如何与各种日常企业层面活动进行互动以及这些企业行使的谈判权力的多方面探索。后者采用了一个关于东亚后来者地区经济转型的外生以企业为中心的视角，强调全球化、外国投资和企业内部/内部/外部网络的力量，但倾向于将国家置于制度背景中，从而低估了其主体性作用。通过在这两种理论框架之间开展对话，本文制定了一种辩证的国家-企业关系方法，提供了对中国城市经济转型的复兴和整合的理解。以东莞为实证焦点，作为全球认可的信息通信技术制造业中心，阐明了国家-企业动态关系如何随时间演变，在不同领域和尺度上空间差异如何，并展示了ICT行业中高附加值和劳动密集型部门之间的明显对比。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104974
【作者信息】
Kun Wang, 广东省科学院广州地理研究所
Calvin King Lam Chung, 香港中文大学地理与资源管理系
Jiang Xu, 香港中文大学地理与资源管理系
Zhaohui Long，中山大学岭南（大学）学院经济系
论文14
Sharing public open spaces with local schools: A stakeholder-based analysis of governance issues
与当地学校共享公共开放空间：基于利益相关者的治理问题分析
【摘要】
Overcrowding has been recognised as a common issue in urban schools and a major barrier to children's outdoor activities in their school environments. Many urban schools draw on their neighbourhood open space yet associated governance issues have not been sufficiently analysed. This qualitative study explored key stakeholders' perspectives on various governance topics that supported or discouraged sharing neighbourhood open spaces with schools. We involved school principals, local council officers, state government representatives, urban design experts, and primary school students aged 8–12 from across four Australian metropolitan areas. The findings reveal the relationship between the stakeholders at various governance levels; their capacities, power and interests in managing shared use of public space; as well as essential governing tasks and tools. The paper argues for governance through networks, in which power is dynamic and distributed among a range of stakeholders. This will require the development of mutually agreed guidelines to bridge gaps in the coordination of design, implementation and management of public open spaces. The governing tasks include planning schools close to public open spaces, establishing safe urban corridors between schools and public open spaces, designing essential amenities in public open spaces, and adapting school curricula for outdoor learning.
【摘要翻译】
过度拥挤已被公认为城市学校的常见问题，也是儿童在学校环境中进行户外活动的主要障碍。许多城市学校利用他们周边的开放空间，但相关的治理问题尚未得到足够的分析。这项定性研究探讨了各利益相关者对支持或阻碍学校与周边开放空间分享的各种治理议题的观点。我们涉及了来自澳大利亚四个大都市地区的学校校长、地方议会官员、州政府代表、城市设计专家和8-12岁的小学生。研究结果揭示了不同治理层面利益相关者之间的关系；他们在管理公共空间共享中的能力、权力和利益；以及关键的治理任务和工具。本文主张通过网络进行治理，在这种网络中，权力是动态的，并在一系列利益相关者之间分散。这将需要制定相互达成的指导方针，以弥合在公共开放空间的设计、实施和管理协调方面的差距。治理任务包括规划学校靠近公共开放空间，建立学校与公共开放空间之间的安全城市走廊，设计公共开放空间中的基本设施，并调整学校课程以进行户外学习。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105007
【作者信息】
Fatemeh Aminpour, 新南威尔士大学城市未来研究中心
Xiaoqi Feng 新南威尔士大学医学与健康学院人口健康学院&澳大利亚新南威尔士州人口福祉与环境研究实验室&澳大利亚乔治全球健康研究所
Liliana Mularczyk, 新南威尔士大学贡斯基教育学院&澳大利亚新南威尔士州教育部
Christopher Pettit，新南威尔士大学城市未来研究中心
论文15
Enhanced planning capacity in urban renewal: Addressing complex challenges using neutrosophic logic and DEMATEL
城市更新中的增强规划能力：利用中智逻辑和 DEMATEL 应对复杂的挑战
【摘要】
Urban renewal is imperative due to growing urbanization (i.e., population migration into cities), requiring acceptable planning to meet peoples' housing needs and playing a key role in highlighting and satisfying societies' needs. Complex urban renewal decisions encompass environmental degradation, poverty, inequality, and inaccessibility to services. Decision makers must meet on-going challenges by transforming urban spaces so that they satisfy all constraints while satisfying residents' needs. A holistic view of urban renewal facilitates efficient strategies for meeting economic, social, and environmental obligations. Multicriteria methodology may ideally be used to develop a complete, transparent, and realistic model that identifies planning factors best resolving urban renewal efforts. Therefore, we rely on cognitive mapping, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory technique, and neutrosophic logic, applied by a panel of experts with experience in urban renewal planning in two group work meetings. The results were analyzed and validated by an independent specialist in this field. The contributions and limitations of this methodological framework were also examined.
【摘要翻译】
由于城市化日益增长（即人口向城市迁移），城市更新是必不可少的，需要可接受的规划来满足人们的住房需求，并在突显和满足社会需求方面发挥关键作用。复杂的城市更新决策涵盖了环境恶化、贫困、不平等和无法获得服务等问题。决策者必须通过改造城市空间来满足所有限制条件，同时满足居民的需求，以解决不断出现的挑战。对城市更新的整体观有助于制定有效的策略，满足经济、社会和环境方面的义务。多标准方法理论上可用于开发一个完整、透明和现实的模型，以确定最能解决城市更新工作的规划因素。因此，我们依靠认知图绘制、决策试验和评估实验室技术，以及中性逻辑，由具有城市更新规划经验的专家小组在两次集体工作会议上应用。结果由该领域的独立专家进行分析和验证。还对该方法论框架的贡献和局限性进行了审查。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105006
【作者信息】
Tiago A.A. Cordeiro, 里斯本大学学院
Fernando A.F. Ferreira, 里斯本大学学院&孟菲斯大学福格尔曼商业与经济学院金融、保险和房地产系
Ronald W. Spahr, 孟菲斯大学福格尔曼商业与经济学院金融、保险和房地产系
Mark A. Sunderman, 孟菲斯大学福格尔曼商业与经济学院金融、保险和房地产系
Neuza C.M.Q.F. Ferreira，贝拉大学内政部商业科学研究中心&贝雅理工学院技术与管理学院
论文16
Which generation should migration promotion measures target to shortly achieve a compact structure for shrinking cities?
迁移促进措施应该针对哪一代人才能快速实现收缩城市的紧凑结构？
【摘要】
Streamlining urban areas to appropriate sizes based on the current population structure is an important and urgent issue. Therefore, Japan enacted the Location Normalization Plan in 2014, and a shift toward a more compact regional structure is underway. However, this plan cannot force people to migrate to the target area. Consequently, the formation of a compact regional structure is expected to persist for several decades. It consequently is crucial to shortly convert to a compact regional structure based on the voluntary migration of residents before the living environment outside residential zones deteriorates. This study analyzed the time required for the population to reach zero in urbanization-promoting areas excluded from residential attraction, using spatial statistical analysis. We assumed that multiple generations were the targets of the migration promotion policy, and considered the differences in each scenario. The results demonstrate that >100 years would be required before the natural withdrawal of target areas, and that migration policies targeting pre- and post-retirement generations were the most effective. This paper's contribution is valuable in that it discusses the importance of promoting relocation based on the viewpoint of the shortest possible shrinkage to the compacting measures currently being undertaken worldwide in matured cities.
【摘要翻译】
根据当前的人口结构，使城市地区变得更加适当的尺寸是一项重要且紧迫的问题。因此，日本于2014年颁布了《位置正常化计划》，并正在向更紧凑的区域结构转变。然而，该计划无法强迫人们迁移到目标地区。因此形成紧凑的区域结构预计将持续数十年。因此，必须在住宅区域外部的生活环境恶化之前，基于居民自愿迁移，迅速转变为紧凑的区域结构至关重要。本研究利用空间统计分析，分析了促进城市化的地区在排除了住宅吸引力后达到人口零的所需时间。我们假设多代人是迁移促进政策的目标，并考虑了每种情景的差异。结果表明，在目标地区自然撤离所需的时间超过100年，并且以针对退休前和退休后代的迁移政策效果最佳。本文的贡献在于从促进迁移的角度讨论了基于目前全球成熟城市正在采取的紧缩措施的最短收缩的重要性。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105020
【作者信息】
Takashi Aoki，日本吹田市大阪大学工程研究生院全球建筑系
论文17
The coordination relationship between urban development and urban life satisfaction in Chinese cities - An empirical analysis based on multi-source data
中国城市发展与城市生活满意度之间的协调关系——基于多源数据的实证分析
【摘要】
Achieving balanced development in both urban development level and urban life satisfaction is a key focus in the people-oriented guideline of the national New Type urbanization plan and constructing livable and sustainable cities. This study evaluates urban development levels based on nighttime light (NTL) data and LandScan population data and assesses urban life satisfaction by fusing urban amenities from objective built environment using Amap POIs and subjective emotions from human perspective based on sentiment analysis of Weibo social media data. The study then analyzes the coupling and coordination relationship and the relative development levels of these two aspects. The results indicate that first, urban development levels in China exhibit differentiated characteristics under the combined influence of economics and population. Second, cities with higher levels of urban life satisfaction are mostly cities in the eastern coastal regions and provincial capitals. Third, urban life satisfaction in China generally lags behind urban development levels. On one hand, this study innovatively combined subjective sentimental analysis and objective amenity assessment in urban life satisfaction evaluation. On the other hand, it enriches the case studies on the relationship between urban development and urban life satisfaction providing planning evidence for the livability and sustainable development of cities.
【摘要翻译】
在国家新型城镇化计划的以人为本的指导方针和建设宜居可持续城市中，实现城市发展水平和城市生活满意度的平衡发展是关键焦点。本研究基于夜间灯光（NTL）数据和LandScan人口数据评估了城市发展水平，并通过融合高德地图POI提供的客观建成环境信息和微博社交媒体数据情感分析提供的主观情感信息，评估了城市居民的生活满意度。然后，本研究分析了这两个方面之间的耦合和协调关系以及相对发展水平。结果表明，首先，受经济和人口的共同影响，中国城市的发展水平呈现出差异化特征。其次，城市生活满意度较高的城市主要集中在东部沿海地区和省会城市。第三，中国的城市生活满意度普遍落后于城市发展水平。一方面，本研究在城市生活满意度评估中创新地结合了主观情感分析和客观便利设施评估。另一方面，它丰富了城市发展与城市生活满意度之间关系的案例研究，为城市的宜居性和可持续发展提供了规划证据。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105016
【作者信息】
Xiong He, 中山大学地理与规划学院
Yuquan Zhou, 南加州大学公共政策学院城市规划与空间分析系
Xiaodie Yuan, 中山大学地理与规划学院
Mingjun Zhu，中国嘉应大学
论文18
Arts and culture in the city: Peripheral centrality, cultural vitality, and urban change in inner suburbs
城市艺术与文化：内郊区的边缘中心性、文化活力与城市变化
【摘要】
The aim of this article is to contribute to the conceptual framework of arts in the city so as to improve the understanding of the role of arts and culture in urban spaces and the tensions that run through them, by dealing more specifically with the artistic and cultural dynamics in inner suburbs. Using the case of the Canal de l'Ourcq in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, the article addresses three issues: (1) the way in which the arts contribute to the creation of centralities in the inner suburbs, (2) the role they play in the local cultural and social life of these spaces, and (3) their connection to urban production and transformation. Two main findings are highlighted. Firstly, the Canal de l'Ourcq is experiencing a spatial clustering of cultural venues, collaborative art-world networks, events and other artistic activities, which are changing the atmosphere of the area, attracting audiences, and producing a positive image that radiates out to Paris and beyond. This brings out a form of centrality associated with an area usually categorized as a periphery – both spatially as well as socially, symbolically or culturally – and allows the concept of peripheral centrality to emerge. Secondly, the identification of this peripheral centrality in the case of the Canal de l'Ourcq highlights the ambivalence of the role of arts and culture in the city. On the one hand, they contribute to the local cultural vitality, to the social ties and to the well-being of the residents in order to build an inclusive and cohesive city. On the other hand, they contribute to enhancing the attraction of urban spaces and to their insertion into the rationale of real estate and tourism development and the phenomena of gentrification – caused by urban projects and public and private investments – which feed the socio-spatial fragmentation of the neoliberal city. These results raise new conceptual perspectives for urban studies. Peripheral centrality calls into question the traditional center-periphery model in urban studies and provides a conceptual and empirical framework for understanding “peripheral” spaces, their forms of centrality, their realities, and the issues at stake, particularly in their reciprocal relations with the “central” areas.
【摘要翻译】
本文旨在通过更具体地处理内郊区的艺术和文化动态，为城市艺术的概念框架做出贡献，从而提高对艺术和文化在城市空间中的作用及其所面临的紧张关系的理解。以巴黎东北郊区的乌尔克运河为例，本文探讨了三个问题：（1）艺术如何有助于在内郊区创造中心地位，（2）它们在这些空间的当地文化和社会生活中所起的作用，以及（3）它们与城市生产和转型的联系。本文强调了两个主要发现。首先，乌尔克运河正在经历文化场所、艺术界合作网络、活动和其他艺术活动的空间聚集，这些活动正在改变该地区的氛围，吸引观众，并产生辐射到巴黎及其他地区的积极形象。这就引出了一种与通常被归类为边缘的区域相关的中心性——无论是空间上还是社会上、象征上或文化上——并允许边缘中心性的概念出现。其次，在乌尔克运河的案例中确定这种边缘中心性凸显了艺术和文化在城市中扮演的矛盾角色。一方面，它们有助于当地的文化活力、社会联系和居民的福祉，从而建设一个包容而有凝聚力的城市。另一方面，它们有助于增强城市空间的吸引力，并将其纳入房地产和旅游业发展的理论基础以及由城市项目和公共和私人投资引起的高档化现象，这些现象助长了新自由主义城市的社会空间分裂。这些结果为城市研究提出了新的概念视角。边缘中心性对城市研究中传统的中心-边缘模型提出了质疑，并为理解“边缘”空间、其中心性形式、其现实情况以及所涉及的问题（特别是它们与“中心”区域的相互关系）提供了一个概念和经验框架。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104983
【作者信息】
Basile Michel，法国巴黎塞尔吉大学
论文19
Uses, attitudes and perceptions of urban green spaces according to the sociodemographic profile: An exploratory analysis in Spain
根据社会人口学特征对城市绿色空间的使用、态度和认知：西班牙的探索性分析
【摘要】
This exploratory work analyzes the uses and attitudes of a sample of Spanish population towards urban green spaces (UGS), through a questionnaire that reviews aspects such as the perception they have before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The identification of profiles related to fear in UGS at night and the degree of user acceptance regarding services and disservices of these spaces will also be analyzed. Results show that the pandemic had a significant impact on the type of UGS visited and the activities carried out in them, due to the strict measures adopted by the government to manage the crisis, which included the closure of UGS. The segmentation analysis developed to assess the socio-demographic profile of fear revealed that women under 40 years old are the most highly likely to be afraid due to darkness, loneliness or insecurity. Regarding the degree of acceptance, the confirmatory-factor analysis established different clusters according to the favorability towards UGS, rejection of the disservices caused by trees and intensity of the demand for the administration to carry out its functions. This analysis provides relevant information to be attended when rethinking and redesigning urban green spaces so that they accommodate the real needs of the population.
【摘要翻译】
这项探索性研究通过问卷调查分析了西班牙人群对城市绿色空间（UGS）的使用和态度，包括他们在新冠疫情前后的感知。研究还将分析与夜间对UGS的恐惧相关的特征，以及用户对这些空间的服务和不便的接受程度。结果表明，由于政府为应对危机采取的严格措施（包括关闭UGS），疫情对访问的UGS类型和在其中进行的活动产生了显著影响。评估恐惧的社会人口学特征的细分分析显示，40岁以下的女性因黑暗、孤独或不安全感而感到害怕的可能性最高。关于接受程度，确认因素分析根据对UGS的支持程度、对树木带来不便的拒绝程度以及对行政部门履行职能的需求强度，建立了不同的集群。这一分析提供了在重新思考和重新设计城市绿色空间时应关注的重要信息，以更好地满足人群的实际需求。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104996
【作者信息】
Paloma Egea-Cariñanos, 格拉纳达大学政治学系
Pedro Calaza-Martínez, 西班牙公共公园和花园协会
Daniel López Roche, 马德里康普顿斯大学当代社会转型研究社会学研究所
Paloma Cariñanos，格拉纳达大学植物学系&格拉纳达大学安达卢西亚地球系统研究所
论文20
Rethinking demolition plans to fight neighborhood blight in shrinking cities: Applying agent-based policy simulations
重新思考拆除计划以对抗萎缩城市中的社区衰败：应用基于代理的政策模拟
【摘要】
Demolition plans have been used to promote revitalization in America's Rust Belt shrinking cities. However, demolition can barely keep up with abandonment in shrinking cities like Buffalo, New York. This study uses the agent-based approach to explore alternative demolition and neighborhood revitalization policies, built on previous studies on abandonment in Buffalo and other cities. We developed a spatially explicit agent-based modeling framework to simulate four demolition policy scenarios: 1) random demolition; 2) targeted demolition in the areas with the highest abandonment density and near amenities with public interests; 3) targeted demolition in the areas with the highest abandonment density and near commercial corridors, and 4) targeted demolition in the areas with the highest owner-occupied housing rates. The results of our analysis suggest that Buffalo's approach to demolition and neighborhood revitalization resembles a policy framework that uses the demolition of residential units to stabilize commercial corridors. Under this strategy, public investments in commercial corridors are expected to trickle down to adjacent neighborhoods. However, to date, this has not been the outcome. This suggests the need to consider alternative strategies to achieve neighborhood revitalization goals.
【摘要翻译】
拆迁计划已被用来促进美国锈带萎缩城市的复兴。然而，在纽约州布法罗等萎缩城市，拆迁速度几乎赶不上废弃速度。本研究采用基于代理的方法探索替代拆迁和社区复兴政策，这些政策建立在之前对布法罗和其他城市废弃情况的研究基础之上。我们开发了一个空间明确的基于代理的建模框架来模拟四种拆迁政策情景：1) 随机拆迁；2) 在废弃密度最高且靠近公共设施的地区进行有针对性的拆迁；3) 在废弃密度最高且靠近商业走廊的地区进行有针对性的拆迁；4) 在自住房屋率最高的地区进行有针对性的拆迁。我们的分析结果表明，布法罗的拆迁和社区复兴方法类似于一种利用住宅单元拆迁来稳定商业走廊的政策框架。根据这一战略，预计对商业走廊的公共投资将逐渐渗透到邻近的社区。然而，到目前为止，结果并非如此。这表明，我们需要考虑其他策略来实现社区振兴目标。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105035
【作者信息】
Li Yin, 美国纽约州布法罗市建筑与规划学院城市与区域规划系
Fuzhen Yin, 美国纽约州布法罗市建筑与规划学院城市与区域规划系
Robert M. Silverman，美国纽约州布法罗市建筑与规划学院城市与区域规划系
论文21
Socially vulnerable people and stormwater infrastructure: A geospatial exploration of the equitable distribution of gray and green infrastructure in Washington D.C.
社会弱势群体和雨水基础设施：华盛顿特区灰色和绿色基础设施公平分布的地理空间探索
【摘要】
Green Infrastructure (GI) has gained recognition for its notable role in climate change mitigation and urban resilience. Meanwhile, there is a growing body of literature revealing the uneven distribution of GI from environmental justice perspective. Given the role of GI, the distribution should also be explored in a social vulnerability context and combining green and gray infrastructure. However, the distribution of GI, sewer pipelines, and their relationship with social vulnerability remain underexplored. This study fills this gap by assessing stormwater infrastructure in Washington, D.C., against a backdrop of historical discriminatory sewage practices. It investigates whether disparities exist in the distribution of sewer pipelines and green infrastructure among communities with differing social vulnerabilities, using a comprehensive approach that encompasses GI, underground pipelines, and social vulnerability. The analysis reveals significant insights into the relationships between stormwater infrastructure, social vulnerability, and urbanization, offering valuable implications for stormwater management planning. This research contributes to the field of environmental justice and urban planning by shedding light on the complex interplay between infrastructure allocation, community vulnerability, and the urgent need for equitable infrastructure management, especially stormwater and sewer systems, in the face of climate-related challenges.
【摘要翻译】
绿色基础设施 (GI) 因其在减缓气候变化和城市复原力方面发挥的显著作用而获得认可。与此同时，越来越多的文献从环境正义的角度揭示了 GI 分布不均的问题。鉴于 GI 的作用，还应在社会脆弱性背景下探索其分布，并结合绿色和灰色基础设施。然而，GI、下水道管道的分布及其与社会脆弱性的关系仍未得到充分探索。本研究通过评估华盛顿特区历史上歧视性排污实践背景下的雨水基础设施来填补这一空白。它采用一种涵盖 GI、地下管道和社会脆弱性的综合方法，调查了不同社会脆弱性社区的下水道管道和绿色基础设施分布是否存在差异。该分析揭示了雨水基础设施、社会脆弱性和城市化之间关系的重要见解，为雨水管理规划提供了宝贵的启示。这项研究揭示了基础设施分配、社区脆弱性以及在气候相关挑战面前公平基础设施管理（特别是雨水和下水道系统）的迫切需要之间的复杂相互作用，为环境正义和城市规划领域做出了贡献。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105010
【作者信息】
Minkyu Park, 美国马里兰大学帕克分校建筑、规划与保护学院城市与区域规划与设计
Priscila Barros Ramalho Alves, 美国马里兰大学帕克分校建筑、规划与保护学院
Rachel Marie Whiteheart, 美国巴尔的摩市规划系
Marccus D. Hendricks，美国马里兰大学帕克分校
论文22
Intercity freight connections in China under the view of mass truck trajectories
大规模卡车轨迹视角下的中国城际货运联系
【摘要】
Intercity freight connections have reshaped urban networks and posed significant urban planning challenges. Previous studies mainly used annual statistical data or online orders, which are criticized for the poor timeliness and data representativeness. This study presents a method to construct freight flow networks by analyzing large-sample truck trajectories using spatiotemporal and semantic data mining. The spatiotemporal interaction patterns and influencing factors of intercity freight connections in China are then investigated. Key findings include: (1) The proposed method enables multidimensional and dynamic investigations by constructing timely and refined freight flow networks. (2) The network structure and spatial pattern of freight connections in China show monthly stability, significant spatial heterogeneity, symmetry, and a typical scale-free property. (3) Spatial interaction patterns are related to freight transportation scale. High-freight-volume regions form complete and homogeneous networks with activity space expanding, while low-freight-volume regions exhibit heterogeneity with connections focused on core cities. (4) More than 92 % of the socioeconomic factors exhibit significant nonlinear enhancement when interacting with distance. The nonlinear interaction between economic development level and distance is the most influential, explaining 23.7 %–85.7 % of the connection strength. These findings facilitate reasonable urban policy formulation and regional industrial collaboration.
【摘要翻译】
城际货运联系重塑了城市网络，对城市规划带来重大挑战。以往研究主要采用年度统计数据或在线订单，其时效性和数据代表性较差而受到批评。本研究提出一种通过时空语义数据挖掘分析大样本货车轨迹构建货运流网络的方法，并研究中国城际货运联系的时空相互作用模式及其影响因素。主要研究结果包括：（1）该方法通过构建及时精细的货运流网络，实现了多维动态研究。（2）中国货运联系的网络结构与空间格局表现出月稳定性、显著的空间异质性、对称性，具有典型的无标度特性。（3）空间相互作用模式与货物运输规模有关，货运量大区域形成完整均质网络，活动空间不断扩大，货运量低区域表现出异质性，联系集中在核心城市。（4）超过 92% 的社会经济因素在与距离相互作用时表现出显著的非线性增强。其中经济发展水平与距离之间的非线性相互作用影响最大，解释联系强度的23.7%~85.7%，这一发现有利于合理的城市政策制定和区域产业协作。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105034
【作者信息】
Yibo Zhao, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Shifen Cheng, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学,
Kang Liu, 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院
Beibei Zhang, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学
Feng Lu, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室&中国科学院大学&福州大学数字中国研究院&江苏省地理信息资源开发与应用协同创新中心
论文23
Variegated urban entrepreneurialism and its contested results in the boom of neighborhood center complexes in Chengdu, China
成都多样化的城市创业精神及其在社区中心综合体繁荣中的争议性结果
【摘要】
Despite China's high-profile community development agenda, how to provide neighborhood services, a key social infrastructure in community development, remains a challenge for many local governments facing fiscal austerity. This study addresses this lacuna by interrogating the boom of neighborhood center complexes (NCCs), i.e., building complexes accommodating multiple community services, in Chengdu, which has over 350 NCCs in operation or under construction. Drawing upon a six-year study and synthesis of mixed materials, we identified three salient modes of urban entrepreneurship strategies in developing NCCs: community elites' entrepreneurship, state-owned enterprises, and public-private partnerships. Each mode represents a particular configuration of state power, market forces, and neighborhood participation distinguished from the conventional government-financed mode. These three modes are not merely different urban entrepreneurship strategies but results of systematic reproductions of urban governance practices across different community contexts, featuring variegated urban entrepreneurship at the neighborhood level. Although temporally solving fiscal austerity in community service delivery, these urban entrepreneurship practices problematize community-oriented development regarding equality, effectiveness, and efficiency in service delivery and require further policy innovation. This study enriches the debates around urban entrepreneurialism by emphasizing a variegated perspective and suggests cautions when embracing market power in community development.
【摘要翻译】
尽管中国高调推行社区发展议程，但如何提供社区服务，即社区发展中的关键社会基础设施，仍然是许多面临财政紧缩的地方政府面临的挑战。本研究通过审视成都社区中心综合体（NCC，即容纳多种社区服务的建筑综合体）的蓬勃发展来解决这一问题，成都目前有 350 多个 NCC 正在运营或在建。通过六年的研究和综合材料的合成，我们确定了发展 NCC 的三种突出的城市创业战略模式：社区精英创业、国有企业和公私合作伙伴关系。每种模式都代表了一种特定的国家权力、市场力量和社区参与的配置，与传统的政府资助模式有所不同。这三种模式不仅仅是不同的城市创业战略，而且是不同社区背景下城市治理实践系统复制的结果，以社区层面的多样化城市创业为特征。虽然这些城市创业实践暂时解决了社区服务提供中的财政紧缩问题，但这些实践使以社区为导向的发展在服务提供的平等性、有效性和效率方面存在问题，需要进一步的政策创新。本研究通过强调多元化视角丰富了围绕城市创业的辩论，并建议在社区发展中拥抱市场力量时应谨慎行事。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105039
【作者信息】
Xiang Yan, 四川大学建筑与环境学院建筑系&四川大学城市化战略与建筑研究所
Wei Zhao，四川大学建筑与环境学院建筑系
论文24
Application and future of local climate zone system in urban climate assessment and planning—Bibliometrics and meta-analysis
本地气候区域系统在城市气候评估和规划中的应用与未来——文献计量学与元分析
【摘要】
In recent years, the concept of Local Climate Zone (LCZ) has been widely used in various cross-cutting areas of urban climate planning and has the potential to become a generalized assessment tool. Although the underlying framework for detailed LCZ theory and mapping has been proposed, a generalized methodology and multidisciplinary cross-cutting applicability arguments are still lacking, which is not friendly enough for future LCZ synergistic urban planning and policy output. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive survey of empirical studies of LCZ systems in cities to improve the understanding and address the above issues. In this study, bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis were used to provide a systematic review of LCZ empirical studies over the past decade; analyze the number of studies, geographical distribution, keywords and research hotspots; and discuss the following themes: conducting studies on a global scale; establishing a new standardized mapping process; heat island assessment based on global datasets; using LCZ as a tool for assessing the thermal health of cities; improving the compatibility of the LCZ framework with climate models; and urban planning and design applications incorporating nonphysical factors. Scientific and practical communities can quickly clarify the current status and challenges of using LCZ in urban climate planning and provide references for expanding the application of LCZ.
【摘要翻译】
近年来，本地气候区（LCZ）的概念已被广泛应用于城市气候规划的各个交叉领域，并有望成为一种广义评估工具。尽管已经提出了详细的LCZ理论和制图的基本框架，但仍缺乏一种广义方法论和跨学科的交叉适用性论据，这对于未来LCZ协同城市规划和政策输出来说还不够友好。因此，急需对城市LCZ系统的实证研究进行全面调查，以改善理解并解决上述问题。本研究采用文献计量分析和元分析，对过去十年间的LCZ实证研究进行系统回顾；分析研究数量、地理分布、关键词和研究热点；并讨论以下主题：在全球范围内开展研究；建立新的标准化制图流程；基于全球数据集进行热岛评估；将LCZ用作评估城市热健康的工具；改善LCZ框架与气候模型的兼容性；以及将非物理因素纳入城市规划和设计应用中。科学和实践界可以快速澄清在城市气候规划中使用LCZ的当前状态和挑战，并为扩大LCZ应用提供参考。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.104999
【作者信息】
Hongchi Zhang, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Jin Bai, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Jun Zhao, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Fei Guo, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Peisheng Zhu, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Jing Dong, 大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
Jun Cai，大连理工大学建筑与美术学院
论文25
Assessing the inequality of park's contributions to human wellbeing in Shanghai, China
评估上海公园对人类福祉贡献的不平等性
【摘要】
Parks play an essential role in sustainable urban development and human health, but their benefits are distributed unevenly across space. Assessing spatial inequalities in the contribution parks make to human wellbeing is crucial. Previous studies have primarily focused on disparities in public access to parks, overlooking the effective availability of parks and the positive spillover effects that parks have on their surroundings. Thus, a multidimensional framework for assessing the allocation of parks' intrinsic and spillover benefits, which considers park opening hours and foot traffic, is proposed to capture the equality of parks' contribution to human wellbeing. Our results show that ignoring park availability can overestimate the service supply to visitors from parks in suburban and outer suburban areas and underestimate that of central urban areas; parks' contribution to human wellbeing decreases as people move further away from the city center and toward the periphery. To address these inequalities, we suggest improving park services in outer Shanghai by developing community parks; increasing the number of pocket parks in central Shanghai; and extending parks' opening hours in the periphery. Additionally, we identify areas in the urban periphery that require priority attention for park planning. Our framework offers an effective means to assess and reduce inequities in park allocation in megacities.
【摘要翻译】
公园在可持续城市发展和人类健康中发挥着重要作用，但其效益在空间上分布不均。评估公园对人类福祉贡献的空间不平等至关重要。以前的研究主要关注公众进入公园的差异，忽视了公园的有效可用性以及公园对周围环境的积极溢出效应。因此，提出了一个多维框架来评估公园内在效益和溢出效益的分配，该框架考虑了公园的开放时间和人流量，以捕捉公园对人类福祉贡献的平等性。我们的结果表明，忽视公园的可用性可能会高估郊区和远郊区公园对游客的服务供应，而低估中心城区的服务供应；随着人们远离市中心向外围移动，公园对人类福祉的贡献会减少。为了解决这些不平等问题，我们建议通过发展社区公园、增加上海市中心的袖珍公园数量以及延长周边公园的开放时间来改善上海市外的公园服务。此外，我们还确定了城市边缘地区需要优先考虑的公园规划区域。我们的框架提供了一种有效的方法来评估和减少特大城市公园分配的不公平现象。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105028
【作者信息】
Peng Zeng, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院&乌得勒支大学地球科学学院人文地理与空间规划系
Qianqian Dong, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院
Marco Helbich, 乌得勒支大学地球科学学院人文地理与空间规划系
Yaoyi Liu, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院
Xinyue Wang, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院
Tian Tian, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院
Yue Che，华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院
论文26
The fading light of urban regeneration in a sewing neighbourhood in Seoul: Anthropological perspectives
首尔缝纫社区城市复兴的曙光：人类学视角
【摘要】
This paper presents an ethnographic study of the Changsin-dong neighbourhood in Seoul, specifically focusing on urban development issues in the area, in which small-scale sewing workshops are agglomerated in the heart of the city. Under the names ‘community alive’ and ‘existing urban manufacturing area,’ Changsin-dong was designated as a leading area for urban regeneration in Seoul, and urban regeneration was implemented in 2014. Consequently, urban regeneration has now become an indispensable moniker for Changsin-dong, and conflicts related to various interests and political interference have arisen. Despite urban regeneration's emphasis on bottom-up approaches to overcome the limitations of developmentalism, hierarchical power relationships between governmental administrations and local cooperatives still persist over the entire course of the project. In this research, I critically examine the background surrounding how urban regeneration was fuelled and what consequences have been identified to date, and ultimately look at the subtle complexities and practical constraints of urban regeneration. Through macroscopic review of urban regeneration as well as microscopic anthropological observations, I seek to reveal the multi-layered socio-political contexts surrounding urban regeneration in Changsin-dong and unpack the nature of inevitable conflicts and contrasting interests among residents.
【摘要翻译】
本文对首尔昌信洞社区进行了民族志研究，特别关注该地区的城市发展问题，该地区小型缝纫工坊聚集在市中心。昌信洞以“社区活力”和“现有城市制造业区”的名义被指定为首尔城市复兴的领先地区，并于 2014 年实施了城市复兴。因此，城市复兴现在已成为昌信洞不可或缺的绰号，并且出现了与各种利益和政治干预相关的冲突。尽管城市复兴强调自下而上的方法来克服发展主义的局限性，但政府行政部门和当地合作社之间的等级权力关系在整个项目过程中仍然存在。在这项研究中，我批判性地审视了城市复兴的推动背景以及迄今为止发现的后果，并最终研究了城市复兴的微妙复杂性和实际制约因素。通过对城市复兴的宏观审视以及微观的人类学观察，我试图揭示昌信洞城市复兴的多层次社会政治背景，并揭示居民之间不可避免的冲突和利益对比的本质。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105013
【作者信息】
Jaeyoung Kim，韩国牛津大学人类学与博物馆民族志学院
论文27
Regional economic vulnerability based on investment and financing network attacks
基于投融资网络攻击的区域经济脆弱性
【摘要】
Amidst challenges like industrial shifts, financial systemic risks, and COVID-19 impacts, assessing China's regional economic vulnerability is crucial for sustainable growth. Traditional methods, using static economic indicators, fail to capture the dynamic nature and interconnectedness of regional economic vulnerabilities. Our study introduces a dynamic framework, grounded in complex network attacking and optimizing theory, to analyze regional economic vulnerability through the lens of cross-regional investment and financing ties. We utilize inter-company investment and financing data from Qichacha to build a regional economic network, simulating disturbances and evaluating the impact of various attack strategies on network performance. The analysis shows that targeting major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen maximizes economic vulnerability. Conversely, the best strategy to bolster regional resilience involves enhancing connections with smaller, often overlooked cities, which is vital for overall economic robustness. To achieve sustainable and coordinated regional economic development, the study advocates for the simultaneous stabilization of economic linkages in core urban agglomerations, while enhancing the robustness of the regional economy by encouraging investment in small and medium-sized enterprises in small towns in remote areas in the network.
【摘要翻译】
在产业转型、金融系统风险和COVID-19影响等挑战中，评估中国地区经济的脆弱性对于可持续增长至关重要。传统方法采用静态经济指标，无法捕捉地区经济脆弱性的动态性和相互关联性。我们的研究引入了一个基于复杂网络攻击和优化理论的动态框架，通过跨地区投融资联系的视角分析地区经济脆弱性。我们利用企查查的企业投融资数据构建地区经济网络，模拟干扰并评估各种攻击策略对网络性能的影响。分析表明，以北京、上海和深圳等主要城市为目标，能够最大程度地增加经济脆弱性。相反，增强与较小的、经常被忽视的城市的联系是增强地区韧性的最佳策略，这对整体经济的健壮性至关重要。为了实现地区经济的可持续和协调发展，该研究主张在稳定核心城市群的经济联系的同时，通过鼓励投资于偏远地区网络中的小型和中型企业，提高地区经济的健壮性。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105012
【作者信息】
Qing Lu, 北京大学城市与环境学院
Binhong Ding, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
Jianping Gu，重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
论文28
Planning data center locations in Swedish municipalities. A comparative case study of Luleå and Stockholm
规划瑞典各市的数据中心位置：吕勒奥和斯德哥尔摩的比较案例研究
【摘要】
Due to the electrification and digitization of things such as public services, communication systems, and transport systems, data centers have become part of the critical infrastructure of today's society. The data centers as a resource-intensive industry, perturbates the energy and spatial systems where established. Currently, municipalities as the main entities responsible for local resource management, often lack the power and/or determination to plan spatial and energy aspects cohesively. Consequently, municipalities encounter resource management issues when planning for data center locations; high resource demand (water, electricity, land) and high resource waste (excess heat). This research aims to support urban planners, municipal energy companies, politicians, and other relevant decision-makers, in developing municipal energy and spatial systems that account for data centers' resource demand as well as using their resources produced in the form of excess heat for the community's benefit. This study compares energy and spatial aspects in relevant data center locations in Stockholm and Luleå municipalities from an urban planning perspective. The results suggest that municipalities' energy and spatial systems can increase their adaptive capacity towards data center establishment by considering certain resource planning determinants: electricity and water infrastructure availability, heat producers and users' diversity, land use diversity, and property fragmentation.
【摘要翻译】
由于公共服务、通信系统和运输系统等的电气化和数字化，数据中心已成为当今社会关键基础设施的一部分。数据中心作为资源密集型行业，扰乱了已建立的能源和空间系统。目前，作为负责当地资源管理的主要实体，市政当局往往缺乏协调规划空间和能源方面的权力和/或决心。因此，市政当局在规划数据中心位置时会遇到资源管理问题；资源需求高（水、电、土地）和资源浪费高（余热）。本研究旨在支持城市规划者、市政能源公司、政客和其他相关决策者开发市政能源和空间系统，以考虑数据中心的资源需求，并利用其以余热形式产生的资源造福社区。本研究从城市规划的角度比较了斯德哥尔摩和吕勒奥市相关数据中心位置的能源和空间方面。结果表明，市政当局的能源和空间系统可以通过考虑某些资源规划决定因素来提高其对数据中心建立的适应能力：电力和水基础设施的可用性、热力生产者和用户的多样性、土地利用多样性和财产分散性。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105063
【作者信息】
Cristina Ramos Cáceres, 瑞典吕勒奥科技大学
Marcus Sandberg, 瑞典吕勒奥科技大学
Adolfo Sotoca，瑞典吕勒奥科技大学&巴塞罗那加泰罗尼亚理工大学
论文29
Growing old outside of one's home country: Well-being needs for aging in place among Turkish people in the Netherlands
在国外养老：荷兰土耳其人的居家养老福祉需求
【摘要】
Due to the rapid aging of the population, policymakers and service providers are becoming more cognizant of the significance of creating and sustaining communities that are friendly to all age groups. We lack an understanding of how older natives and immigrants in the Netherlands perceive the age-friendliness of their communities and whether and how age-friendly communities contribute to these populations' overall well-being. In this study Q methodology was used to identify the views of older people in the Netherlands with Turkish migration backgrounds on the importance of neighborhood resources for well-being realization. Q-factor analysis revealed three distinct viewpoints on aging-in-place needs: (1) a safe neighborhood with facilities nearby, (2) a neighborhood with good support, and (3) a social neighborhood with good homes. This study provides new empirical evidence that can aid the development of age-friendly communities for older people in the Netherlands with Turkish migration backgrounds. The findings advance existing theories and serve as a valuable resource for the crafting of interventions designed to enhance age friendliness and the well-being of older native and immigrant populations. International migration is expected to increase in coming decades, and urban planners and policymakers should take the needs of migrant citizens into account.
【摘要翻译】
由于人口快速老龄化，政策制定者和服务提供者越来越意识到创建和维持对所有年龄段友好的社区的重要性。我们缺乏对荷兰的老年本地人和移民如何看待他们所在社区的老年友好性以及老年友好社区是否以及如何促进这些人口的整体幸福感的理解。本研究采用Q方法来识别荷兰土耳其移民背景的老年人对社区资源对实现幸福感的重要性的看法。Q因子分析揭示了三种不同的关于留在家中养老需求的观点：(1) 附近有设施的安全社区，(2) 有良好支持的社区，以及 (3) 有良好住房的社交社区。本研究提供了新的实证证据，可以帮助荷兰为具有土耳其移民背景的老年人建立老年友好型社区。本研究提供了新的实证证据，可以帮助荷兰土耳其移民背景的老年人发展老年友好型社区。这些发现推进了现有理论，并为制定旨在提升老年友好性和老年本地人和移民群体幸福感的干预措施提供了宝贵的资源。国际移民预计在未来几十年将增加，城市规划者和政策制定者应考虑移民公民的需求。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105065
【作者信息】
Anna Petra Nieboer, 荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学伊拉斯姆斯卫生政策与管理学院社会医学科学系
Jane Murray Cramm，荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学伊拉斯姆斯卫生政策与管理学院社会医学科学系
论文30
Investigating the effect of industry-specific economic distance on the prediction of intercity population movement
行业经济距离对城市间人口流动预测的影响研究
【摘要】
Intercity population movement has been extensively studied since it is closely related to human society. Currently, city industry structures play dominant roles in the direction of population movement. Yet, the extent to which different kinds of industry proximity influence human mobility remains unclear. In this study, we introduce the concept of intercity industry proximity, regarded as economic distances, to forecast intercity population movement using a relational graph convolutional network. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework in learning information from 18 industry proximity networks. Using this framework, we investigate the impact of distinct industries on population movement by traversing each industry as input separately. Results show that while all industries exhibit favorable predictive performance, slight differences exist. Specifically, the primary industry emerges as the most influential predictor of population movement, followed by secondary industries, whereas certain tertiary industries exert comparatively minimal effects. We also examine the influence of proximity thresholds for graph-generating on model performance. Theoretical explanations concerning face-to-face interactions for the diffusion of tacit knowledge are discussed, and policy implications are provided to enrich the current understanding of population movement.
【摘要翻译】
城市间人口流动与人类社会密切相关，因此得到了广泛的研究。目前，城市产业结构在人口流动方向上起着主导作用。然而，不同类型的产业邻近性对人口流动的影响程度仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们引入了城市间产业邻近性的概念，即经济距离，使用关系图卷积网络来预测城市间人口流动。我们的研究结果表明，该框架在从 18 个行业邻近网络中学习信息方面是有效的。利用该框架，我们通过分别遍历每个行业作为输入来研究不同行业对人口流动的影响。结果表明，虽然所有行业都表现出良好的预测性能，但也存在细微差异。具体而言，第一产业成为人口流动最具影响力的预测因素，其次是第二产业，而某些第三产业的影响相对较小。我们还研究了图形生成的邻近阈值对模型性能的影响。讨论了面对面互动对隐性知识传播的理论解释，并提供了政策含义，以丰富当前对人口流动的理解。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105047
【作者信息】
Yuxia Wang, 华东师范大学地理科学学院
Xin Yao, 阿里巴巴集团
Jianying Wang, 香港中文大学太空与地球信息科学研究所
Chaogui Kang, 中国地质大学（武汉）国家地理信息系统工程研究中心
Xing Meng, 华东师范大学地理科学学院
Guohua Hu, 华东师范大学地理科学学院
Yu Liu, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所
Xia Li，华东师范大学地理科学学院
论文31
Evolution of residential segregation patterns in the Netherlands between 2015 and 2020
2015 年至 2020 年荷兰居住隔离模式的演变
【摘要】
We investigate the evolution of residential segregation patterns in the Netherlands, with a focus on the population with a non-western migration background. Unlike previous research relying on predefined spatial structures, this study employs a regionalization approach to track the evolution of social enclaves in 82 municipalities from 2015 to 2020. Enclaves have become more mixed in municipalities with historically homogeneous social enclaves whereas in the other municipalities, they have become more homogeneous. In addition, we find a positive association between the increase in the share of population with a non-western migration background at the municipality level and the spatial growth of social enclaves. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of residential segregation in the Netherlands, offering a valuable foundation for informed policymaking.
【摘要翻译】
我们研究了荷兰居住隔离模式的演变，重点关注具有非西方移民背景的人口。与以前依赖预定义空间结构的研究不同，本研究采用区域化方法来追踪 2015 年至 2020 年 82 个市镇社会聚居区的演变。在历史上社会聚居区同质的市镇中，聚居区变得更加混杂，而在其他市镇中，聚居区变得更加同质。此外，我们发现，在市镇层面，具有非西方移民背景的人口比例的增加与社会聚居区的空间增长之间存在正相关关系。这些见解有助于更深入地了解荷兰的居住隔离，为明智的政策制定提供宝贵的基础。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105038
【作者信息】
Lucas Spierenburg, 荷兰代尔夫特理工大学土木工程与地球科学学院交通与规划系
Sander van Cranenburgh, 荷兰代尔夫特理工大学技术、政策与管理学院工程系统与服务系交通与物流组
Oded Cats，荷兰代尔夫特理工大学土木工程与地球科学学院交通与规划系
论文32
Detection of infill development and contributing factors using deep learning and multilevel modeling
利用深度学习和多层建模检测填充式发展及其影响因素
【摘要】
Infill development, which refers to the development of built-up urban areas, is considered a pleasing alternative to urban sprawl. Identifying the location of infill development and its contributing factors can aid in better guiding smart growth. This study aimed to detect residential infill development and analyze the factors associated with it in the City of Los Angeles. For the empirical analysis, we developed a deep learning model that compared historical aerial photographs of residential properties and detected 3710 residential infill developments that occurred between 2016 and 2019 in the study area. We then constructed a multilevel logistic regression model to examine the factors contributing to residential infill development. In the multilevel logistic regression model, we included the physical conditions of the properties (e.g., lot size and bus transit accessibility) and the characteristics of the neighborhoods in which the properties are located (e.g., racial composition and neighborhood age). The model estimates show that both property- and neighborhood-level characteristics are related to residential infill development.
【摘要翻译】
填充式开发是指城市建成区的发展，被认为是城市扩张的一种令人愉悦的替代方案。确定填充式开发的位置及其促成因素有助于更好地指导智能增长。这项研究旨在检测洛杉矶市的住宅填充式开发并分析与之相关的因素。为了进行实证分析，我们开发了一个深度学习模型，该模型比较了住宅物业的历史航拍照片，并检测到了研究区域内 2016 年至 2019 年期间发生的3710 个住宅填充式开发。然后，我们构建了一个多级逻辑回归模型来研究促成住宅填充式开发的因素。在多级逻辑回归模型中，我们纳入了物业的物理条件（例如地块大小和公交可达性）以及物业所在社区的特征（例如种族构成和社区年龄）。模型估计表明，物业和社区层面的特征都与住宅填充式开发有关。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105019
【作者信息】
Hee-Jung Jun, 韩国成均馆大学公共管理系/治理研究生院
Dohyung Kim, 美国加州州立理工大学城市与区域规划系
Ji-Hwan Kim, 韩国成均馆大学人工智能系
Jae-Pil Heo，韩国成均馆大学计算机科学与工程系/人工智能系
论文33
Times and spaces of crime in the Historic Centre of Porto: Evidence from official data
波尔图历史中心的犯罪时间和空间：来自官方数据的证据
【摘要】
The analysis of official data is a traditional strategy to study criminality in a geographic space (e.g., city, country). This work focuses on the analysis of the official statistics of crime against property at the Historic Centre of Porto, Portugal, in 2018. It addresses temporal (i.e., by period of the week, time of day) and spatial patterns (i.e., spatial analysis, typology of spaces) of crime occurrences. The database was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, and by spatial density analysis. Theft was the most common type of crime, although crime types varied greatly with location, and time of the day. There were no significant differences on crime occurrences by days of the week and most crimes were reported in the afternoon. Concerning typology of spaces, most crimes occurred at linear spaces, especially robberies. Findings can be very useful for sustainable and considered urban planning, by aligning the location of material and human resources with the detection of seasonal and comparable crime patterns, enabling more efficient crime prevention in urban areas.
【摘要翻译】
分析官方数据是研究地理空间（例如城市、国家）犯罪行为的传统策略。本研究重点分析了2018 年葡萄牙波尔图历史中心的财产犯罪官方统计数据。研究内容涉及犯罪发生的时间（即按一周中的时间段、一天中的时间）和空间模式（即空间分析、空间类型）。通过描述性和推论性统计以及空间密度分析对数据库进行了分析。盗窃是最常见的犯罪类型，尽管犯罪类型因地点和一天中的时间而有很大差异。一周中各天的犯罪发生情况没有显著差异，大多数犯罪发生在下午。关于空间类型，大多数犯罪发生在线性空间，尤其是抢劫。研究结果对于可持续和深思熟虑的城市规划非常有用，通过将物质和人力资源的位置与季节性和可比犯罪模式的检测相结合，可以更有效地预防城市地区的犯罪。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105052
【作者信息】
Rui Leandro Maia, 葡萄牙波尔图费尔南多佩索阿大学&永久暴力和犯罪观察站&波尔图大学跨学科文化、空间和记忆研究中心
Maria João Guerreiro, 葡萄牙波尔图费尔南多佩索阿大学
Daniela Paulo, 葡萄牙波尔图永久暴力和犯罪观察站
Vanessa Azevedo, 葡萄牙波尔图永久暴力和犯罪观察站
Ana Isabel Sani，葡萄牙波尔图费尔南多佩索阿大学&永久暴力和犯罪观察站&布拉加米尼奥大学儿童研究研究中心
论文34
Assessing a greening tool through the lens of green gentrification: Socio-spatial change around the Nation's Gardens of Istanbul
通过绿化工具评估绿色新贵现象：以伊斯坦布尔国家花园为例进行社会空间变化评估
【摘要】
The increase in urban population and the accompanying construction activities have brought along many economic, environmental, and social problems. For this reason, greening cities entered urban planning practices. However, these efforts have brought about some equality and justice concerns about whether green spaces are beneficial to certain communities. In parallel with this, there is a recently rising critique of green gentrification in literature. This study explores whether the government's green space policies lead to green gentrification by scrutinizing twelve different “Nation's Gardens” in Istanbul. When the Nation's Gardens were announced, they were defined as open and green spaces that the public can use, have fun, and visit, but revitalizing the idle parts of the city and increasing their value were among its other goals. Within the scope of this research, changes in the social, economic, and demographic structure of the population before and after the establishment of Nation's Gardens are analyzed and mapped by using Geographic Information System technologies. Green gentrification was evidenced in ten of the twelve Nation's Gardens in Istanbul between 2017 and 2021. Our findings reveal that green gentrification trends in Istanbul are prevalent in both central and peripheral neighborhoods. This suggests that the attraction and property value increases brought about by green spaces constitute a city-wide phenomenon, affecting neighborhoods across the spectrum of urban density and socio-economic background.
【摘要翻译】
城市人口增加及伴随的建设活动带来了许多经济、环境和社会问题。因此，绿化城市已成为城市规划实践的一部分。然而，这些努力也引发了一些关于绿地是否有利于某些社区的平等和公正问题。与此同时，近年来文献中出现了对绿色新贵现象的批评。本研究通过审视伊斯坦布尔十二个不同的“国家花园”，探讨政府的绿地政策是否导致了绿色新贵现象。在国家花园宣布成立时，它们被定义为公众可以使用、娱乐和参观的开放绿地，但也旨在振兴城市中闲置的区域并提高其价值。在这项研究范围内，利用地理信息系统技术对国家花园成立前后人口的社会、经济和人口结构变化进行了分析和制图。在2017年至2021年间，伊斯坦布尔的十二个国家花园中有十个呈现出了绿色新贵的迹象。我们的研究结果显示，伊斯坦布尔的绿色新贵趋势普遍存在于中心和外围社区。这表明，绿地带来的吸引力和房地产价值的增加构成了一个全市范围的现象，影响了城市密度和社会经济背景各种不同的社区。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105023
【作者信息】
Özge Naz Pala, 土耳其博阿齐奇大学环境科学研究所
Sevil Acar，土耳其博阿齐奇大学管理科学学院
论文35
Clarity or confusion: A review of computer vision street attributes in urban studies and planning
明晰还是混乱：城市研究与规划中的计算机视觉街道属性综述
【摘要】
The acceleration of urban imagery data analysis, driven by computer vision (CV), has created noteworthy opportunities for urban studies and planning. Data on street environments with high granularity derived from geo-tagged street views allow urban researchers to obtain geospatial data on greenery, pavement materials, and dimensions, building facades, urban furniture, lighting, vehicle presence, etc. However, how such attributes have been classified and used to address urban studies, planning, or mobility questions remains relatively poorly understood among non-technical researchers. Targeting urban planning and design researchers who do not have a background in CV, this paper reviews planning-relevant attributes that CV approaches of urban streetscapes have delivered to date and examines some of their research applications. We present a systematic analysis of 146 papers scrutinizing 104 street attributes in four groups. By exploring a subcollection of 24 papers, we discuss the effectiveness of those attributes being incorporated into current quantitative urban studies. This study's primary contribution lies in providing a comprehensive summary of CV-driven street attributes, their applications, and the algorithms used, serving as a valuable resource for future urban research. Additionally, we identify key challenges in this field, such as unclear definitions of attributes, a disproportionate emphasis on selecting models and features, and the absence of standardized measurement and definition methods. Furthermore, we offer recommendations for future research directions in this area.
【摘要翻译】
在计算机视觉 (CV) 的推动下，城市影像数据分析的加速发展为城市研究和规划创造了值得关注的机会。从带有地理标记的街景中获得的高粒度街道环境数据使城市研究人员能够获得有关绿化、路面材料和尺寸、建筑物立面、城市家具、照明、车辆存在等的地理空间数据。然而，非技术研究人员对于如何对这些属性进行分类并用于解决城市研究、规划或流动性问题仍然了解甚少。本文针对没有 CV 背景的城市规划和设计研究人员，回顾了迄今为止 CV 城市街景方法所提供的与规划相关的属性，并研究了它们的一些研究应用。我们对 146 篇论文进行了系统分析，仔细研究了四组中的 104 个街道属性。通过探索 24 篇论文的子集，我们讨论了将这些属性纳入当前定量城市研究的有效性。本研究的主要贡献在于全面总结了 CV 驱动的街道属性、其应用和所使用的算法，为未来的城市研究提供了宝贵的资源。此外，我们还确定了该领域的主要挑战，例如属性定义不明确、过分强调选择模型和特征以及缺乏标准化的测量和定义方法。此外，我们还为该领域未来的研究方向提供了建议。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105022
【作者信息】
Liu Liu, 麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系城市形态实验室
Andres Sevtsuk，麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系城市形态实验室
论文36
Preventing depopulation by improving technological endowment: A methodology for identifying priority municipalities
通过提高技术配置水平来防止人口减少：识别优先发展的市镇的方法
【摘要】
During the 20th century, European cities experimented with industrialization processes and the mechanization of agriculture that triggered the rural-urban exodus. A primarily young population left their rural territories of origin to work in cities in the industrial and service sectors. These massive migratory movements catalyzed the depopulation and aging in many rural regions of Europe. Spain, where the great exodus occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, is one of the European countries most affected by depopulation. Significantly, the region of Castilla y León, in the northwest of the country, due to its orographic characteristics and the dispersion of its population in many small municipalities, has been and still is especially vulnerable to the loss of inhabitants in favor of large cities, converting a large part of its territory in an excellent example of demographic desert. The article's objective is twofold: First, to provide a methodology to identify municipalities or geographic areas at risk of digital exclusion and subject to substantial demographic imbalances. Consequently, based on the proposed methodology, to prioritize the areas of Castilla y León where to act to try to reverse the situation. Thus, this study goes beyond previous research. It provides a comprehensive view that integrates demographic and technological aspects. As a result, a specific methodology is proposed, which also connects the above with the European context and policies. Identifying and prioritizing areas for technological improvement in Castilla y León represent a valuable contribution to addressing the challenge of rural depopulation.
【摘要翻译】
20 世纪，欧洲城市尝试了工业化进程和农业机械化，引发了农村人口向城市的外流。主要为年轻人的人口离开原籍农村地区，到城市的工业和服务业工作。这些大规模的移民运动催化了欧洲许多农村地区的人口减少和老龄化。20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代发生大规模人口外流的西班牙是受人口减少影响最严重的欧洲国家之一。值得注意的是，由于地形特征和人口分散在许多小城市，位于该国西北部的卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂地区过去和现在特别容易受到大城市人口流失的影响，其大部分领土成为人口荒漠的典型例子。本文的目的有两个：首先，提供一种方法来识别面临数字排斥风险和严重人口失衡的城市或地理区域。因此，基于所提出的方法，优先考虑卡斯蒂利亚和莱昂的哪些地区可以采取行动，以扭转这种局面。因此，这项研究超越了以前的研究。它提供了一个综合的视角，将人口和技术方面融为一体。因此，提出了一种具体的方法，该方法还将上述内容与欧洲背景和政策联系起来。确定和优先考虑卡斯蒂利亚和莱昂的技术改进领域，对应对农村人口减少的挑战做出了宝贵的贡献。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105066
【作者信息】
Beatriz Sánchez, 马德里自治大学
Javier Velázquez, 阿维拉天主教大学
Ramón Pérez, 西班牙Sierra de Irta 自然公园&伊瓦拉·洛尔卡 S.L. C/ Primero de Octubre
Javier Jorge-Vázquez, 阿维拉天主教大学
Inmaculada Gómez, 阿维拉天主教大学
Sergio Luis Nañez Alonso, 阿维拉天主教大学
Mª. Peana Chivite-Cebolla, 阿维拉天主教大学
Rui Alexandre Castanho，WSB 大学应用科学学院&莱夫克欧洲大学高级研究中心&约翰内斯堡大学商业与经济学院&波塔莱格雷理工学院
论文37
Gender pay gap in Spanish local governments
西班牙地方政府的性别薪酬差距
【摘要】
Despite the fact that more and more women are gaining access to important policy-making positions, they do not usually receive salaries as high as those of men. Furthermore, women attaining top-tier positions frequently have fewer possibilities of exercising any significant authority, providing a potential explanation for gender pay disparities. The previous literature on the public sector pay gap has mainly focused on public sector workers, but we have not found any empirical analyses of the pay gap for mayors. In this context, our paper aims to analyse whether there is a gender pay gap among local mayors. We also examine whether this pay gap is affected by the percentage of women in the local council, not solely by the mayor's gender. We use a sample of 140 Spanish municipalities for 2014–2022. After estimating with GMM, our results show that female mayors receive lower salaries than their male counterparts, confirming a pay gap. Nevertheless, we find that this gap is narrower when the proportion of women in the council increases, which is a powerful argument for demanding the presence of more women in public institutions.
【摘要翻译】
尽管越来越多的女性获得了重要的决策职位，但她们的薪水通常不如男性高。此外，担任高层职位的女性往往行使任何重大权力的可能性较小，这为性别薪酬差异提供了潜在解释。以前关于公共部门薪酬差距的文献主要集中在公共部门工作人员身上，但我们没有发现任何关于市长薪酬差距的实证分析。在此背景下，我们的论文旨在分析地方市长之间是否存在性别薪酬差距。我们还研究了这种薪酬差距是否受到地方议会中女性比例的影响，而不仅仅是市长的性别。我们使用了 2014 年至 2022 年 140 个西班牙市镇的样本。经过 GMM 估计，我们的结果表明，女市长的薪水低于男市长，证实了薪酬差距的存在。然而，我们发现，当议会中女性比例增加时，这种差距会缩小，这是要求更多女性进入公共机构的有力论据。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105025
【作者信息】
María D. Guillamón, 金融经济与会计系（穆尔西亚大学）
Beatriz Cuadrado-Ballesteros, 企业多学科研究所行政与商业经济学系
Ana M. Ríos，金融与公共部门经济学系（穆尔西亚大学）
论文38
Villages-in-the-city in China and Vietnam: Comparative morphological transformation and incorporated process in Kunming and Hanoi
中国与越南的城中村：昆明与河内的形态转变与整合过程比较
【摘要】
This paper examines the morphologies of Villages-in-the-City (ViCs) in Kunming in China and Hanoi in Vietnam, that are undergoing rapid urbanisation and urban transformation. In China, the term Chengzhongcun refers to development of rural settlements that have been included in the urban districts arising from city expansion. Meanwhile, in Vietnam, the phrase Làng trong phố is used to describe settlements in urban areas that used to be rural villages. Both types of settlements share many common characteristics linked to rural background, and to social and economic policies in these two countries. The findings illustrate that spatial transformations are generated by fundamental economic and social changes, and that the influences of land policies and roles played by local government in each country have significant impacts on the formation of the ViCs. Although the planning processes are managed though top-down systems, the diverse practices and small scale and cost-effective tactics contribute to the transitions of the ViCs. The morphological differences between ViCs development in two countries are due to differences in management modes and land use rights. The outcome of this paper contributes to the deeper understanding about similarities and differences of ViCs in the Global South.
【摘要翻译】
本文研究了正在经历快速城市化和城市转型的中国昆明和越南河内的城中村 (ViCs) 的形态。在中国，城中村一词指的是农村定居点的发展，这些定居点已被城市扩展所包括。而在越南，术语“Làng trong phố”用来描述曾经是农村村庄的城市区域定居点。这两种类型的定居点在农村背景、社会和经济政策等方面具有许多共同特征。研究结果表明，空间转型是由根本的经济和社会变革所带来的，并且两国土地政策的影响以及地方政府在形成城中村过程中所扮演的角色具有重要影响。尽管规划过程是由自上而下的体制管理的，但多样的实践和小规模且成本效益高的策略有助于城中村的转变。两国城中村发展的形态学差异是由管理模式和土地使用权方面的差异所导致的。本文的研究结果有助于更深入地了解全球南方城中村的相似之处和差异。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105051
【作者信息】
Ngo Kien Thinh, 英国卡迪夫大学威尔士建筑学院
Yun Gao, 英国哈德斯菲尔德大学艺术与人文学院
Adrian Pitts，英国哈德斯菲尔德大学艺术与人文学院
论文39
Persistence analysis of the real estate US index and major cities
美国房地产指数和主要城市的持续性分析
【摘要】
This paper analyses the stochastic properties of the US real estate market in the long term (1987–2023). For this purpose, we rely on fractionally integrated methods to fill the gap left by studies focusing on possible cointegration that use linear unit root tests. Both original and log transformed data of house price indices have been used with and without taking inflation into account. Even though several studies mentioned mean reversion in the short term, in the long term the real estate market shows a clear pattern of high persistence and no reversion to the mean. The effect of inflation seems to add correlation to real prices and conversely, an increase in the integration factor. Structural breaks reveal that recent values of this integration factor are greater, thus prices are becoming more persistent.
【摘要翻译】
本文分析了美国房地产市场的长期随机特性（1987-2023年）。为此，我们依靠分数积分方法来填补以往使用线性单位根检验聚焦于可能协整的研究留下的空白。研究使用了房价指数的原始数据和对数转换数据，并分别考虑和不考虑通货膨胀因素。尽管一些研究提到短期内均值回归现象，但长期来看，房地产市场显示出高持久性和无均值回归的明显模式。通货膨胀的影响似乎增加了实际价格的相关性，反过来提高了积分因子。结构性断裂揭示了最近该积分因子的值更高，因此价格变得更加持久。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105049
【作者信息】
Miguel A. Martin-Valmayor, 马德里弗朗西斯科·维多利亚大学&西班牙马德里康普斯顿大学
Luis A. Gil-Alana，马德里弗朗西斯科·维多利亚大学&纳瓦拉大学经济学院
论文40
What makes co-production work in sustainable neighborhood rehabilitation in China? A stakeholder structure perspective
什么使联合生产在中国可持续社区重建中发挥作用？利益相关者结构视角
【摘要】
Globally, co-production serves as a crucial approach to promote sustainable neighborhood rehabilitation. However, in China, where the governance system is characterized by strong state discourse power and a lack of public participation tradition, neighborhood rehabilitation encounters significant challenges, leading to project postponements or even failures due to unsuccessful co-production activities. To reveal the hidden problems, this paper aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the stakeholders' co-production roles and their participation structure in the co-produced sustainable neighborhood rehabilitation process from multiple dimensions. Using the case in Chongqing, the data was collected through questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews. Social network analysis was utilized as the research method, and one-mode and two-mode networks were established to depict six relationship types with using diverse network indicators. This study revealed the high complexity of stakeholder structure, the awkward role of grass-rooted government, the dilemma of public voices and perceptions, uneven involvement in the co-production process, and the dynamic path of co-production formation. Drawing upon co-production theory, this paper elucidates the intricate mechanism of co-produced neighborhood rehabilitation in China. It offers valuable implications for policymakers and urban planners for project promotion, and contributes empirical insights to research in similar governance systems across the global context.
【摘要翻译】
合作生产是推动可持续社区修复的重要途径，但在国家话语权强、公众参与传统缺失的中国，社区修复面临巨大挑战，合作生产不成功导致项目延期甚至失败。为揭示其中隐藏的问题，本文旨在从多个维度深入了解合作生产可持续社区修复过程中利益相关者的合作角色及其参与结构。以重庆为例，通过问卷调查和深度访谈收集数据，以社会网络分析为研究方法，构建单模和双模网络，使用不同的网络指标刻画六种关系类型。研究揭示了利益相关者结构的高度复杂性、基层政府角色的尴尬、公众声音和认知的困境、合作生产过程中的不均衡参与以及合作形成的动态路径。本文借鉴合作生产理论，阐明了中国合作生产社区修复的复杂机制。它为政策制定者和城市规划者的项目推广提供了宝贵的启示，并为全球范围内类似治理体系的研究提供了实证见解。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105068
【作者信息】
Hongjuan Wu, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
Ying Wang, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
Taozhi Zhuang, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
Kaijian Li, 重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
Wanping Hu，重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院
论文41
The use of social media in Italian local governments: The effect of the mayor's characteristics
意大利地方政府对社交媒体的使用：市长特征的影响
【摘要】
This study aims to investigate, from an agency theory perspective, the role of mayor characteristics on the level of use of social media by Italian local governments. The econometric analysis conducted on a sample of 128 Italian local governments demonstrates that the female gender and the level of education of the mayor have a positive influence on the level of use of social media. It demonstrates the effect of the mayor's characteristics also in relation to the use of individual social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. This study provides important theoretical and practical implications.
【摘要翻译】
本研究旨在从代理理论的角度研究市长特征对意大利地方政府使用社交媒体水平的影响。对128 个意大利地方政府样本进行的计量经济学分析表明，市长的女性性别和教育水平对社交媒体的使用水平有积极影响。它还表明市长特征对 Facebook、Instagram 和 YouTube 等个人社交媒体平台的使用也有影响。这项研究提供了重要的理论和实践意义。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105070
【作者信息】
Nicola Raimo, 意大利卡萨马西马鲁古大学管理、金融和技术系
Vitiana L'Abate, 意大利卡萨马西马鲁古大学管理、金融和技术系
Angela Rella, 意大利卡萨马西马鲁古大学管理、金融和技术系
Filippo Vitolla，意大利卡萨马西马鲁古大学管理、金融和技术系
论文42
Bureaucratic transfers and industrial structure changes in China: The role of superstar firms
中国的官僚转移和产业结构变化：超级明星企业的作用
【摘要】
This paper examines how local industrial structure changes after bureaucratic transfers across Chinese cities. Utilizing firm-level data within the manufacturing sector, we show a positive and significant effect of transferred local leaders on the industrial similarity between cities connected by them, and this response arises 3 years after the transfers. However, when transferring between cities with notable disparities in resource endowments, local leaders induce diminished industrial similarity among connected cities. Our mechanism analyses then find that, after transferred leaders arrive, new superstar firms are more likely to be attracted to their current jurisdictions and new industries in which their previous jurisdictions have already superstar firms tend to be developed in the current jurisdictions, thus making the industrial structure between the connected cities more similar. Furthermore, we find that transferred local leaders contribute to the synchronization of regional economic growth through facilitating the diffusion of productive capabilities across cities.
【摘要翻译】
本文探讨了中国城市间官僚调动后地方产业结构的变化。利用制造业企业层面的数据，我们发现地方领导的调动对其所联系的城市之间的产业相似性有积极而显著的影响，并且这种影响在调动 3 年后出现。然而，在资源禀赋差异显著的城市之间进行转移时，地方领导人会导致相连城市之间的产业相似性降低。我们的机制分析随后发现，在转移的领导人到达后，新的超级明星企业更有可能被吸引到他们当前的管辖区，而他们之前的管辖区已经有超级明星企业的新产业往往会在当前的管辖区得到发展，从而使连接城市之间的产业结构更加相似。此外，我们还发现，转移的地方领导人通过促进生产能力在城市间的扩散，有助于区域经济增长的同步化。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105043
【作者信息】
Ling Cheng, 浙江工商大学经济学院&浙江工商大学现代商务研究中心、浙江工商大学现代商业流通体系建设协同创新中心
Qing Liu，合肥工业大学经济学院
论文43
A systematic review of smart city research from an urban context perspective
从城市背景视角系统回顾智慧城市研究
【摘要】
This review conducts a systematic analysis of a total of 90 Smart City articles from an urban context perspective based on the ‘Urban Engagement and Impact Analytical Framework’. Many previous smart city reviews have been conducted through bibliometric analysis from a holistic viewpoint, finding the performance, trend and focused area of smart city research. Therefore, the principal objective of this review is to explore the gap in the adequacy of smart city research engagement with diverse urban contexts, to provide a smart urban environment focusing on Smart Urbanism. This paper highlights three principal aspects of each article; 1) Whose perspective that Smart City research mostly conducted by, 2) The depth of Urban context engagement conducted during Smart City development, 3) Which part of urban development is particularly affected by. These three dimensions are significant factors correlated to each other, that form healthy smart urbanism. By doing so, the findings from this review will lead the smart city research to a practical intervention in urban planning through engagement with the insightful urban contexts. This will offer a positive impact on developing a sustainable urban livelihood for the inhabitants by extending the view of the smart city development towards Smart urbanism within the urban context viewpoint.
【摘要翻译】
本综述基于“城市参与和影响分析框架”，从城市背景的角度对总共 90 篇智慧城市文章进行了系统分析。之前的许多智慧城市综述都是通过文献计量分析从整体的角度进行的，旨在发现智慧城市研究的表现、趋势和重点领域。因此，本综述的主要目标是探索智慧城市研究参与不同城市背景的充分性之间的差距，以提供一个专注于智慧城市化的智慧城市环境。本文强调了每篇文章的三个主要方面；1）智慧城市研究主要由谁的视角进行，2）智慧城市发展过程中城市背景参与的深度，3）城市发展的哪个部分特别受到影响。这三个维度是相互关联的重要因素，构成了健康的智慧城市化。通过这样做，本综述的结果将引导智慧城市研究通过参与富有洞察力的城市背景对城市规划进行实际干预。通过将智慧城市发展的视角从城市背景视角扩展到智慧城市化，这将对为居民发展可持续的城市生活产生积极影响。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105027
【作者信息】
Min Jee Nikki Han, 韩国首尔汉阳大学建筑学院
Mi Jeong Kim，韩国首尔汉阳大学建筑学院
论文44
Reconstructing urban spatial blind areas in child trafficking: Insights from the internet video surveillance data
重建贩卖儿童的城市空间盲区：互联网视频监控数据的启示
【摘要】
Various places in cities are essential carriers of crime, and changes in environmental design strategies can effectively suppress the occurrence of crime to a certain extent. This study focuses on child trafficking in China. It reveals the invisible corner in the city from the perspective of environmental criminology, in which areas of children's activities are not accessible to be monitored by guardians or the public. The results show that the functional characteristics of facilities lead to some places becoming attractive places for child trafficking. The small spatial size reduces the guardians' awareness of monitoring children's activities, while the layout of facilities (such as cars, shelves, landscape, etc.) intensifies the complexity of the space, making it difficult for guardians and the public to monitor them in terms of physical factors. The mental blind area and the monitoring blind area together intensify the formation of spatial blind areas, and are used by criminals. The novelty of this study lies in the use of network video surveillance data to restore the crime process and crime method based on the crime script theory, and analyze the impact of facility function, spatial form and facility layout on the spatial monitoring and user perception of child trafficking.
【摘要翻译】
城市中的各种场所是犯罪的重要载体，改变环境设计策略可以在一定程度上有效抑制犯罪的发生。本研究聚焦于中国的拐卖儿童问题。它从环境犯罪学的角度揭示了城市中的隐形角落，即监护人或公众无法监控的儿童活动区域。研究结果表明，设施的功能特点导致一些地方成为吸引儿童贩运的场所。空间狭小降低了监护人对儿童活动的监控意识，而设施的布局（如汽车、书架、景观等）加剧了空间的复杂性，使得监护人和公众在物理因素上难以对其进行监控。心理盲区和监控盲区共同加剧了空间盲区的形成，并被犯罪分子所利用。本研究的新颖之处在于利用网络视频监控数据，以犯罪脚本理论为基础，还原犯罪过程和犯罪方式，分析设施功能、空间形态和设施布局对拐卖儿童空间监控和用户感知的影响。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105026
【作者信息】
Annan Jin, 西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
Gang Li, 西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
Qifan Nie, 阿拉巴马州交通研究所
Nuo Chen, 西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
Bingcheng Li, 西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
Xiaoting Wen, 西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
Yutong Xue，西北大学城市与环境科学学院&西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室
论文45
Characterizing the temporally stable structure of community evolution in intra-urban origin-destination networks
描述城市内起点-终点网络中社区演化的时间稳定结构
【摘要】
Intra-urban origin-destination (OD) network communities evolve throughout the day, indicating changing groups of closely connected regions. Under such variation, groups of regions with high consistency of community affiliation characterize the temporally stable structure of the evolution process, supporting comprehending urban dynamics. However, how to quantify this consistency and identify the associated region groups are open questions. In this study, we introduce the consensus OD network to quantify the consistency of community affiliation among regions. Furthermore, the temporally stable community decomposition method is proposed to identify groups of regions with high internal and low external consistency (named “stable groups”), where each group consists of temporally stable cores and attaching peripheries. Wuhan taxi data is used to verify our methods. On the hourly time scale, eleven stable groups containing 82.9 % of regions are identified. This high percentage suggests that dynamic communities can be well organized via cores. Moreover, stable groups are spatially closed and more likely to distribute within a single district and separated by water bodies. Cores exhibit higher point of interest (POI) entropy and more healthcare and shopping services than peripheries. Our methods and empirical findings contribute to some practical issues, such as urban area division, polycentric evaluation and construction, and infectious disease control.
【摘要翻译】
城市内部的起止点 (OD) 网络社区全天都在演变，表明紧密连接的区域组在不断变化。在这种变化下，具有高度社区归属一致性的区域组表征了演化过程的时间稳定结构，有助于理解城市动态。然而，如何量化这种一致性并识别相关的区域组仍是一个悬而未决的问题。在本研究中，我们引入了共识 OD 网络来量化区域间社区归属的一致性。此外，提出了时间稳定社区分解方法来识别具有高内部一致性和低外部一致性的区域组（称为“稳定组”），其中每个组由时间稳定的核心和附着的外围组成。武汉出租车数据用于验证我们的方法。在每小时的时间尺度上，确定了 11 个稳定组，占 82.9% 的区域。这个高百分比表明动态社区可以通过核心很好地组织起来。此外，稳定组在空间上是封闭的，更有可能分布在一个区域内并被水体隔开。核心区的兴趣点 (POI) 熵值高于边缘区，医疗保健和购物服务也更多。我们的方法和实证研究结果有助于解决一些实际问题，例如城市区域划分、多中心评估和建设以及传染病控制。
【doi】
10.1016/j.cities.2024.105033
【作者信息】
Xiao-Jian Chen, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所&北京大学空间信息集成与应用北京市重点实验室&中国地质大学国家地理信息系统工程研究中心
Yuhui Zhao, 浙江省哲学社会科学试点实验室&浙江实验室
Chaogui Kang, 中国地质大学国家地理信息系统工程研究中心
Xiaoyue Xing, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所&北京大学空间信息集成与应用北京市重点实验室
Quanhua Dong, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所&北京大学空间信息集成与应用北京市重点实验室
Yu Liu，北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所&北京大学空间信息集成与应用北京市重点实验室
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