九、小白如何用Pygame制作一款跑酷类游戏（添加前进小动物作为动态障碍物）

九、小白如何用Pygame制作一款跑酷类游戏（添加前进小动物作为动态障碍物）

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前言

本篇文章主要分享如何添加向前移动的小动物作为动态的障碍物，一个是飞行障碍物主角可以通过滑行躲避，另一个是爬行障碍物可以通过跳跃躲避。

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一、添加小动物素材

1. 在根目录的图片文件夹下新建两个目录分别存放爬行障碍物和飞行障碍物。

2. 图片示例

二、代码部分

1.创建飞行小动物的精灵类

import pygame.sprite
class Badman(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):super(Badman,self).__init__()self.image=pygame.image.load('material/image/badman/badman3.1.PNG').convert_alpha()self.images=[pygame.image.load('material/image/badman/badman3.{:d}.png'.format(i)).convert_alpha() for i in range(1,6)]self.rect = self.images[0].get_rect()self.loc = 500self.speed = 1def update(self, *args):if args[0] % 10 == 0:i = int(args[0] / 10)self.image = self.images[i % len(self.images)]if self.rect.left < 0:self.kill()else:self.rect.left -= self.speed

1.创建爬行小动物的精灵类

代码如下：

# -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2023/2/24 10:30
# @Author : 小马
# @File: enemy.py
# @Software : PyCharm
import pygame.sprite
class mantis(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):super(mantis,self).__init__()self.image=pygame.image.load('material/image/mantis/b5.1.PNG').convert_alpha()self.images=[pygame.image.load('material/image/mantis/b5.{:d}.png'.format(i)).convert_alpha() for i in range(1,16)]self.rect = self.images[0].get_rect()self.loc=500self.speed = 1self.rect.left = 770def update(self, *args):if args[0] % 10 == 0:i = int(args[0] / 10)self.image=self.images[i%len(self.images)]if self.rect.left<0:self.kill()else:self.rect.left -= self.speed

3.在左半部分按随机数添加飞行或者爬行

代码如下：

        if left<=-1080:left=left+2160random_number = random.randint(1, 2)if random_number == 1:badman=Badman()badman.rect.top = 360enemyGroup.add(badman)if random_number == 2:enemyone = mantis()enemyone.rect.top = 440enemyGroup.add(enemyone)if -1080<left<1080:for sprite in enemyGroup:sprite.rect.left=sprite.loc+left*1.5if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(sprite, myself):injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/injure1.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)myself.life -= 1sprite.kill()enemyGroup.draw(screen)enemyGroup.update(index)

4.runner_main的全部代码

import pygamefrom Badman import Badman
from Gold import Gold
import random
from Myself import Myself
import osfrom mantis import mantispygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1080, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption('跑酷游戏')
#背景图
bg_image_path1 = 'material/image/background4.jpg'
bg_img_obj1 = pygame.image.load(bg_image_path1).convert_alpha()
#道路图
road_image_path= 'material/image/road1.png'
road_img_obj=pygame.image.load(road_image_path).convert_alpha()
#距离图
km_image_path= 'material/image/km.png'
km_img_obj=pygame.image.load(km_image_path).convert_alpha()
#按键图
keyUp_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardUpUp.png'
keyUp_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyUp_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyLeft_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardLEFT.png'
keyLeft_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyLeft_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyDown_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardDown.png'
keyDown_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyDown_image_path).convert_alpha()
font_path = 'material/ziti/AlimamaFangYuanTiVF-Thin-2.ttf'  # 例如 'SimSun.ttf'
chinese_font = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 30)
text_surface = chinese_font.render('跳跃', True, (0, 0, 255))
text1_surface = chinese_font.render('疾跑', True, (0, 0, 255))
text2_surface = chinese_font.render('滑行', True, (0, 0, 255))
#创建两个存放障碍图片对象的数组
#存放向上的
uplist=[]
#存放向下的
downlist=[]
upadress=['up1.png','up2.png','up3.png','up4.png']
downadress=['platform1.png','platform2.png','platform3.png','platform4.png','platform5.png']
#根据图像的位置加入到相应的数组当中
for i in range(len(downadress)):stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+downadress[i]stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()downlist.append(stone_img_obj)
for i in range(len(upadress)):stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+upadress[i]stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()uplist.append(stone_img_obj)
#因为金币不唯一，所以创建一个精灵族来存放所有的金币精灵
goldGroup = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemyGroup = pygame.sprite.Group()
barriarMargin=290
#图片初始化
heart_image_path= 'material/image/heart.png'
heart_img_obj=pygame.image.load(heart_image_path).convert_alpha()
gold_image_path= 'material/image/gold.png'
gold_img_obj=pygame.image.load(gold_image_path).convert_alpha()
def init():global badmanfps = 60running = Trueindex = 0left = 0right = 1080margin = 3myself = Myself()pygame.mixer.music.load(os.path.join('material/music', 'bgm1.mp3'))pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)km = '0'goldnum = '0'#标志位是否暂停isPause = Falsebarrier = []while running:# 获取键盘的按下事件，与抬起不同keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = False#空格键作为暂停键 当空格键抬起时触发暂停动作#如果当前是运动状态，抬起空格变为暂停#如果当前是暂停状态，抬起空格变为运动elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:if not isPause:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:isPause = Trueelse:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:isPause = False#暂停状态下，道路不会向左滑动if isPause:margin=0else:margin=3#通过提升道路的滑动效果体现出疾跑的效果if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:margin=8screen.blit(bg_img_obj1, (0, 0))screen.blit(road_img_obj, (left, 465))screen.blit(road_img_obj, (right, 465))#键位介绍screen.blit(keyUp_img_obj, (900, 5))screen.blit(text_surface, (980, 23))screen.blit(keyLeft_img_obj, (900, 70))screen.blit(text1_surface, (980, 88))screen.blit(keyDown_img_obj, (900, 135))screen.blit(text2_surface, (980, 148))#根据生命值绘制血量for i in range(0,myself.life):screen.blit(heart_img_obj,(10+i*70,5))if left<=-1080:left=left+2160random_number = random.randint(1, 2)if random_number == 1:badman=Badman()badman.rect.top = 360enemyGroup.add(badman)if random_number == 2:enemyone = mantis()enemyone.rect.top = 440enemyGroup.add(enemyone)if -1080<left<1080:for sprite in enemyGroup:sprite.rect.left=sprite.loc+left*1.5if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(sprite, myself):injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/injure1.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)myself.life -= 1sprite.kill()enemyGroup.draw(screen)enemyGroup.update(index)if right<=-1080:right=right+2160#计划在右半边的时候加入静态的障碍，所以要在某一时刻确定要加入的对象#于是在当右半边移动到左边尽头的时候确定下来接下来的对象#这里采用随机数的方法barrier = []for i in range(0,4):random_number = random.randint(1, 15)if 10 <= random_number <= 15:gold1=Gold()gold2=Gold()gold3=Gold()gold1.loc=i*barriarMargingold2.loc=i*barriarMargin+1*70gold3.loc=i*barriarMargin+2*70goldGroup.add(gold1)goldGroup.add(gold2)goldGroup.add(gold3)barrier.append(1)elif random_number == 1:barrier.append(2)elif random_number == 2:barrier.append(3)elif random_number == 3:barrier.append(4)elif random_number == 4:barrier.append(5)elif random_number == 5:barrier.append(6)elif random_number == 6:barrier.append(7)elif random_number == 7:barrier.append(8)elif random_number == 8:barrier.append(9)elif random_number == 9:barrier.append(10)if -1080<right<1080:for sprite in goldGroup:sprite.rect.left=sprite.loc+rightgoldGroup.draw(screen)goldGroup.update(index)for i in range(len(barrier)):if barrier[i]==2:a = uplist[0]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 465)elif barrier[i]==1:continueelif barrier[i]==3:a = uplist[1]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)elif barrier[i]==4:a = uplist[2]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 455)elif barrier[i]==5:a = uplist[3]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)elif barrier[i]==6:a = downlist[0]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 330)elif barrier[i]==7:a = downlist[1]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)elif barrier[i]==8:a = downlist[2]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 365)elif barrier[i]==9:a = downlist[3]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)elif barrier[i]==10:a = downlist[4]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 210)start_x = arect.width // 3middle_third_width = arect.width // 3# 提取中间三分之一区域middle_third_rect = (start_x, 0, middle_third_width, arect.height)middle_third_surface = a.subsurface(middle_third_rect)mrect = middle_third_surface.get_rect()mrect.topleft = (arect.left + arect.width // 3, arect.top)if mrect.colliderect(myself.rect):injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/injure1.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)barrier[i] = 1myself.life -= 1else:screen.blit(a, arect)#及时从金币精灵族移除不需要的金币精灵for goldsprite in goldGroup:# 人与金币碰撞检测 发生碰撞之后 金币增加if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(goldsprite, myself):# 响一下音效nosun = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/gold.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(nosun)goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)goldnum = str(int(goldnum) + 10)if goldsprite.rect.right<=0:goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)# 暂停状态下，主角也要保持静止，也就是说主角直保持一个动作，因此要传递一个参数给主角精灵# 通过按下键盘的事件更改主角的状态，因此也需传递一个参数给主角来决定状态比如奔跑、跳跃以及滑行screen.blit(myself.image, myself.rect)myself.update(index,keys,isPause)screen.blit(km_img_obj, (10, 70))km_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 30)km_num_surface = km_font.render(km, True, (0, 0, 255))screen.blit(km_num_surface, (80, 88))# 金币数量金币图片screen.blit(gold_img_obj, (10, 135))sun_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 30)sun_num_surface = sun_font.render(goldnum, True, (180, 0, 255))screen.blit(sun_num_surface, (80, 148))if myself.life<4 and int(goldnum)>=100:myself.life+=1goldnum = str(int(goldnum) - 100)if index%6==0:km = str(int(km) + margin)index += 1pygame.display.update()clock.tick(fps)left -= marginright -= margin
if __name__=="__main__":init()

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三、效果展示