SpringCloud2023集成Nacos2.4.3

基本都是最新版，踩了两天的坑终于集成上了，实现了多环境配置。

使用版本

关键应用	版本	备注
Java	21	Oracle OpenJDK 21.0.5
Spring Boot	3.2.4
Spring Cloud	2023.0.1
Spring Cloud Alibaba	2023.0.1.3
Nacos	2.4.3	单机模式

nacos安装

我学习过程使用的是windows环境，从GitHub的nacos主页下载对应的zip包。解压，修改字符编码的配置。

到$NACOS_HOME/bin目录下打开命令提示符输入：

.\startup.cmd -m standalone

PS D:\Software\Dev\nacos-server-2.4.3\nacos\bin> .\startup.cmd -m standalone
"nacos is starting with standalone",--.,--.'|,--,:  : |                                           Nacos 2.4.3
,`--.'`|  ' :                       ,---.               Running in stand alone mode, All function modules
|   :  :  | |                      '   ,'\   .--.--.    Port: 8848
:   |   \ | :  ,--.--.     ,---.  /   /   | /  /    '   Pid: 16740
|   : '  '; | /       \   /     \.   ; ,. :|  :  /`./   Console: http://192.168.213.1:8848/nacos/index.html
'   ' ;.    ;.--.  .-. | /    / ''   | |: :|  :  ;_
|   | | \   | \__\/: . ..    ' / '   | .; : \  \    `.      https://nacos.io
'   : |  ; .' ," .--.; |'   ; :__|   :    |  `----.   \
|   | '`--'  /  /  ,.  |'   | '.'|\   \  /  /  /`--'  /
'   : |     ;  :   .'   \   :    : `----'  '--'.     /
;   |.'     |  ,     .-./\   \  /            `--'---'
'---'        `--`---'     `----'2024-12-25 16:33:57,344 INFO Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8848 (http)2024-12-25 16:33:57,826 INFO Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3429 ms2024-12-25 16:34:02,518 INFO Will secure any request with [org.springframework.security.web.session.DisableEncodeUrlFilter@b61edb9, org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter@5d3ff859, org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter@7ae0cc89, org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter@6dd36ab6, org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter@294f9d50, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter@32ec9c90, org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter@13e5d243, org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter@35ef439e, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter@32bb0072, org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter@74606204, org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter@1d858300]2024-12-25 16:34:02,883 INFO Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]2024-12-25 16:34:03,281 INFO Exposing 1 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'2024-12-25 16:34:03,296 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Ant [pattern='/**']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Ant [pattern='/**']2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus']2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}']2024-12-25 16:34:03,299 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}/service/{service}']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.2024-12-25 16:34:03,299 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}/service/{service}']2024-12-25 16:34:03,344 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos'2024-12-25 16:34:03,358 INFO No TaskScheduler/ScheduledExecutorService bean found for scheduled processing2024-12-25 16:34:03,387 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage2024-12-25 16:34:30,275 INFO Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'2024-12-25 16:34:30,276 INFO Completed initialization in 1 ms

nacos单机模式则启动成功，登录账号和密码默认都为nacos。

创建nacos配置

当使用我这种版本的组合时，创建nacos配置时，data Id设置格式最好设为[前缀]-[运行环境].[配置格式]。

比如我设置了一个配置，前缀为micro-service。有两个环境分别是默认和开发，配置格式为yaml。

那么data Id则分别为：
默认环境：

micro-service.yaml

User:name: lisiage: 993current:env: 默认环境config: micro-service.yamlserver:servlet:context-path: /api

开发环境：

micro-service-dev.yaml

User:name: laobaage: 837current:env: 开发环境config: micro-service-dev.yamlserver:servlet:context-path: /dev-api

Spring Cloud部署

使用IDEA初始化一个Spring Boot的环境。

在pom里设置好各个应用的版本。

pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.2.4</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>micro-service01</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>micro-service01</name><description>micro-service01</description><url/><licenses><license/></licenses><developers><developer/></developers><scm><connection/><developerConnection/><tag/><url/></scm><properties><java.version>21</java.version><spring-boot.version>3.2.4</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2023.0.1.3</spring-cloud-alibaba.version><spring-cloud.version>2023.0.1</spring-cloud.version><spring-webmvc.version>6.1.16</spring-webmvc.version> <!-- 或者更高版本 --><lombok>1.18.30</lombok></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional><version>1.18.30</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- Nacos 服务配置 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency><!-- Nacos 服务发现 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!-- 服务发现：OpenFeign服务调用 -->
<!--        <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency>--><!-- 服务发现：负载均衡 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

Spring Cloud集成nacos

application.xml配置：

# SpringBoot Configuration
server:port: 8080spring:profiles:# 此处可为空，为空和default等价# 通过修改active的值来修改运行的环境配置active: dev# 应用名可以自定义application:name: micro-service01# 使用字符串填充的方式设置要读取的配置config:import:- nacos:${spring.cloud.nacos.config.prefix}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}?refreshEnabled=true- nacos:${spring.cloud.nacos.config.prefix}-${spring.profiles.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}?refreshEnabled=truecloud:nacos:# nacos的ip、登录账号以及密码可统一设置，或者在 config以及discovery中单独设置username: nacospassword: nacosserver-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848# config设置要读取的nacos配置config:enabled: truenamespace: learn-cloud# 设置要读取的nacos配置的格式file-extension: yamlprefix: micro-service# discovery设置服务被发现的设置，比如此处设置服务在learn-cloud的命名空间被发现discovery:namespace: learn-cloudregister-enabled: truemanagement:endpoint:health:show-details: alwaysendpoints:web:exposure:include: "*"logging:level:com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata: debug

在Spring Boot启动类获取一下使用的环境配置，然后修改spring.profiles.active的值来验证一下是否成功切换配置。

/** @EnableDiscoveryClient 开启服务注册发现的功能*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class MicroService01Application {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(MicroService01Application.class, args);while (true) {String userName = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("User.name");String userAge = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("User.age");//获取当前部署的环境String currentEnv = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("current.env");String currentConfig = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("current.config");System.err.println("in "+currentEnv+" environment; "+"Config:"+ currentConfig +"; Username :" + userName + "; Age: " + userAge);TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);}}
}